It’s Time to End Pet Misery Year 11 Draft Essay

In the sentiment piece ‘Let’s End Pet Misery’, highlighted in the Herald Sun on the 21st of July 2009, author Susie O’Brien reacts to the issue of creature remorselessness in Victoria. In an insulted tone, the author begs pet darlings and every other person the same to help another bill that means to make creature desexing mandatory, lessening the paces of undesirable posterity and demonstrations of creature savagery submitted against these creatures. The author starts her contention with the utilization of similar sounding word usage combined with an adage. â€Å"A single stroke of the pen can spare †¦ pets from a short existence of hopelessness. † The similar sounding word usage of the two words ‘single’ and ‘stroke’ attracts more concentration to the adage; ‘a single stroke of a pen’. This accentuates how effectively the issue could be explained, enraging the peruser because of the little that has been done to take care of the issue. This procedure additionally attempts to ingrain coerce inside the peruser, making it almost certain for them to make a move in helping the reason, along these lines supporting the writer’s conflict to help the necessary desexing of pets. One procedure the essayist utilizes is a terrifying measurement that has been compared in a bigger book. â€Å"In Victoria alone, 300 mutts are put as the day progressed. That’s †¦ in excess of 100,000 per year. † This amazingly stunning measurement is an ideal method to help the writer’s conflict. It can interest the dread and worry of pet sweethearts and every single other resident the same. This measurement works to draw the reader’s consideration, because of its clever position just beneath the heading, and attempts to ‘recruit’ more individuals to the reason, as most would be not able to quit perusing subsequent to being gone up against with such a measurement. Furthermore, it would rouse more individuals to help the writer’s dispute and make a move to stop this demise. One of the writer’s most grounded convincing method is the utilization of a generally realized story matched with compelling, emotive language. â€Å"In an overwhelming assault, somebody †¦ hacked off his ears and tail and afterward left him to kick the bucket in torment. † Through the utilization of the notable tale about Buckley, a multi week old Victorian little dog, the writer’s contention is reinforced according to numerous perusers, as a larger part of them would have known about the story, and detested the awful demonstration of creature cold-bloodedness. Her contention is again strengthened by a few occurrences of bright language. Expressions like ‘hacked off’ and ‘die in pain’ don’t overstate the perniciousness of the wrongdoing, however rather work to give the peruser a more clear picture of the contemptible demonstration. This at that point causes the peruser to feel all the more firmly about the issue, causing it almost certain they to take care of business. The solid utilization of visual media matched with the article is fruitful in giving the story a considerably more noteworthy impact; filling in as the allegorical ‘icing’ on the contention. The biggest picture; that noteworthy the degree of Buckley’s stunning wounds, is an ideal backup to the content, giving the peruser a genuine thought of the consequence of his horrible injuries. Furthermore, the pictures of pets in a correctional facility, with their guiltless eyes, and to some degree frightful articulation makes the peruser contrast them with detainees whom have been wrongly charged; compelled to carry on with an existence of control for another’s wrongdoings. These components make perusers wish to make a move; finishing the foul play, and is viable in supporting the writer’s dispute. The sentiment piece, â€Å"Let’s End Pet Misery,† is compelling in convincing perusers to help the author’s vow to present a law making the desexing of pets necessary. While utilizing a profoundly irritated tone, the author utilizes similar sounding word usage related to a platitude to give perusers a more noteworthy thought of how shocking the government’s inaction is. The essayist likewise stuns her perusers using a disturbing measurement, uncovering the genuine size of the passings of undesirable creatures. Moreover, the utilization of an unnerving tale utilized along with vivid language, just as the pictures in the piece ready perusers to the seriousness of the circumstance and offer to one’s compassion, eventually promising us to share a similarly shocked view.

Explain the different rules and approaches taken by judges when Essay - 1

Clarify the various guidelines and approaches taken by decides when deciphering an Act of Parliament, giving models from case law, and fundamentally break down their preferences and weaknesses - Essay Example 18). As is consistently the situation in different countries, suitable government divisions are regularly accused of the commitment of regulating the usage of Acts of Parliament. This infers in this way, that an Act that administers the vehicle division for instance is to be executed by the Department of Transport while the two places of parliament are entrusted with the obligation of managing the usage procedure. Any changes to an Act of Parliament are constantly done by passing another Act. Simultaneously, an Act can no longer apply in the wake of being exposed to revoking. The legal executive assumes a basic job in trying Acts of Parliament, as judges and justices base a large portion of their decisions on such enactments. Thusly, this exposition plans to give more knowledge on a portion of the standards and approaches judges depend on while deciphering an Act of Parliament just as their focal points and hindrances to the equity framework. Translation just alludes to the demonstration of appearing well and good out of an enactment. Note that judges typically utilize both characteristic and extraneous materials in investigating and understanding Acts of Parliament (Statutory Interpretation). Characteristic materials significantly allude to the arrangements that exist inside the enactment to be deciphered though extraneous assets allude to the information judges get from everything not found inside the bill. Hence, makes a decision about utilize extraneous materials for reasons for non-adherence to peculiarity. The Interpretation Act of 1978 is one of the enactments that judges have fundamentally alluded to over the span of investigating case realities and arriving at decisions. Under the expressions of sanctioning for instance, the Act gives that each and every fragment of an Act produce results as a basic authorization without primer contentions. Under the change and nullification in same meeting area, the Act gives that the Act being referred to might be

3 Ways To Make Your Online PowerPoint Presentation Easy To Understand

3 Ways To Make Your Online PowerPoint Presentation Easy To UnderstandIf you are new to online PowerPoint presentations, you can be sure that you will not be able to start with a good idea about the subject and you will also find yourself wondering which video will be better for your requirements. Even those who have experienced online PowerPoint presentations can feel somewhat confused about the subject.One thing is for sure that if you want an online presentation, you need a number of things. It must be easy to understand, it must have a lot of useful information, it must be extremely user friendly and it must help you with your progress. Read on and find out what some of these aspects are.Your presentation should be informative. This is the most important part of the presentation and it is vital that you provide all the necessary information to your audience. You should be able to explain everything clearly so that people can follow every step. Keep in mind that there is no use in just informing people about the topic. You should provide them with plenty of useful and interesting information.The online presentation should be easy to understand. This is the reason why you need to make the entire process easy to understand. You need to take care of all the graphic formats and add-ons. You also need to include any instructions that will make the whole process of making your presentation easier. However, the most important thing that you need to remember is that you do not want to provide all the information in the text area.The next aspect that you need to remember is that you do not want your presentation to be too detailed. This is the reason why you need to reduce the number of slides you need to display. You should only show what is necessary. However, you need to be very clear and concise when you display the text area. The best way to go about this is to break your slides down into small parts and this will ensure that your audience is able to grasp the co ncept easily.You should also be able to make your presentation user friendly. Remember that a user friendly presentation will enable users to learn more easily. This is because a user friendly presentation will make users feel confident that they can understand your presentation. A user-friendly presentation will also ensure that users do not have to spend a lot of time searching for the relevant information. If your website offers something valuable and interesting, users will find it easy to work their way through your information.Finally, you need to make your online PowerPoint presentation the best that it can be. This means that you need to provide your audience with an excellent viewing experience. Most people do not like things that are boring and difficult to understand. However, the process of making your presentation as effective as possible is not going to be easy. However, there are a number of tools available that can help you with this.When you are making your online P owerPoint presentation, you will need to make sure that you use several of these tools to help you make your presentation as easy to understand as possible. In order to do this, you need to know what is going to be useful to your audience. Then, you need to ensure that you create your presentation in such a way that it is easy to access. Finally, you need to ensure that you use the right tools to make your presentation user friendly.

The Vietnam Wars, By Marilyn Young Essay - 2200 Words

In her book The Vietnam Wars, 1945-1990, author Marilyn Young examines the series of political and military struggles between the United States and Vietnam, a nation that has been distinctively separated as the South and the North. Young chooses to express the daily, weekly, monthly progresses of the affairs collectively called the Vietnam Wars, focusing on the American interventions in the foreign soil. She seeks to provide an answer to a question that has haunted the world for years: What was the reason behind the United States interfering in the internal affairs of a foreign country in which it had no claims at all? Young discloses the overt as well as covert actions undertaken by the U.S. government officials regarding the foreign affairs with Vietnam and the true nature of the multifaceted objectives of each and every person that’s involved had. Throughout the chapters Young keeps revealing evolvements during the war that lead to her ultimate inference that â€Å"the Uni ted States invaded Vietnam against our stated values and ideals and that it did so secretly and deceptively, fighting a war of immense violence in order to impose its will on another sovereign nation† (Young x). While Young allows the reader to arrive at a decision in the moral context, it’s impossible to ignore her anti-war stance that sets the tone of her telling of the events. Documents directly related to or by people who had been involved in the war joined with her interactions with people who have hadShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie The Vietnam War By Kristen Ann Hass s Making A Memory Of War897 Words   |  4 Pagestopic of America’s involvement in the Vietnam War and the toll it had on America as a whole, it can be rather controversial. Many people wonder what the war was even about and some even bring up that the Vietnam War could be considered another Civil War for America. An example of this is how Marilyn Young argues in her article, â€Å"T he Vietnam War in American Memory,† how many Americans treat Vietnam as something that happened amongst themselves. I believe what Young meant by this was how throughout theRead MoreLife During the 1960’s Essay672 Words   |  3 PagesLife During the 1960’s The 1960s was crammed full of many impacting events and important figures. From Hitchcock releasing one of the greatest thrillers of all time, Psycho, to Marilyn Monroe’s untimely death, to the infamous Woodstock festival. This era changed history completely and made the United States think twice about its youth. Events of the 1960s are still impacting our country as we know it today. The sudden pull from the conservative ‘50s changed America’s views on all aspects of lifeRead MoreEssay about Pop Art’s Response to Mass Consumerism1133 Words   |  5 Pagesbold coloured paintings, soft sculptures, and printmaking, artists would create facsimiles, similar reproductions of popular merchandise and collages. The purpose was to emphasize the banality of any given mass culture. This was a response the post-war conservative society which focused on consumerism and the consumption of name-brand products. The American economy had significantly risen for the first t ime in 30 years which lead to the mass consumption of goods and conformity of the majority. AcrylicRead MoreEverything We Had By Al Santoli1604 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the Vietnam War, Mexican American soldiers fought bravely to defend the United States. However mainstream historical chronicles are almost silent concerning the contributions of these soldiers in this war. Most literature omits the accomplishments and experiences of Mexican American soldiers. One example is the bestselling book Everything We Had by Al Santoli, which chronicles the oral history of soldiers in the Vietnam War. However not one Mexican American soldier is interviewed . WhenRead MoreAfrican Americans Played a Key Role in Vietnam War Essay1602 Words   |  7 PagesThesis: African Americans played a key role in Vietnam War and, in the process, changed the complexion of the U.S. Armed Forces I. African Americans involves in the army a. Irregular percentage of African Americans drafted in the military b. The role of blacks in the Army c. The Vietnam War as a genocide II. Discrimination Issues a. Armed Forces dominated by whites b. Personal racism c. Racist practices against blacks d. African Americans in combat III. Black Women in the ArmedRead MoreThe Vietnam War, Grandpas Story1281 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The Vietnam war was a costly and very long conflict that eroded the communist regime of North Vietnam and its allies against the South Vietnam and its ally, us the United States of America (Unknown Source).† The Vietnam War began on the eve of 1959, causing a struggle between two of our major national forces. These two forces were attempting to unify the country the both love, Vietnam. Many of the young souls were young men, such as my grandfather who felt that they were helping their country.Read MoreAnalysis of Different Viewpoints of US Involvement in the Vietnam War1141 Words   |  5 PagesThirty-eight years have passed and the Vietnam War is still a controversial topic. While some Americans believe that Indochina was of no strategic value to the United States, others argue that civilian leaders have undermined the war effort. My paper will help analyze the different viewpoints for U.S. involvement in Vietnam and the overall assessment of each. Almost all the sources utilized came to the consensus that the chief purpose for U.S. intervention was to stop Communism from spreading. NeverthelessRead MoreAn Exhibit Of The National Air And Space Museum1258 Words   |  6 Pagesjournalists, and veterans, as they felt that it didn’t correctly portray the Japanese and those in the American armed forces during the war. The book’s authors offer theories r anging from historical context, how Japan’s role in the war was interpreted, the American people’s discomfort regarding Truman’s order to drop the bomb, the mood of Americans during Vietnam, and the American lives spared as a result of the bomb. Edward Linenthal’s Anatomy of a Controversy conveys that Martin Harwit, the directorRead MoreEssay about The Secret War in Laos: Why Was It a Secret?1635 Words   |  7 Pagesimportant it may be for the general population to know. In the beginning of the Vietnam War, Laos was declared a neutral zone at a conference in Geneva by the United States and the Soviet Union (Jones, 2007). As the disputes about Laos’ future government structure continued, the United States believed it was time to take action and continue their fight against communism (Young; Buzzanco, 2006). The Americans were fighting the Cold War for the containment of communism and to make the world safe for democracyRead MoreTim OBriens The Things They Carried: An Analysis1542 Words   |  6 Pagesare even told how many ounces each round weighed. (Kaplan 44-5) I hope to demonstrate through an examination of OBriens repetitions of the title phrase that the overall intent of the story is metaphorical. We are asked to understand the young soldiers in Vietnam through an analysis of the narrators lists of the things they carried. It is worth noting at the outset that OBrien quite specifically encourages the reader to understand the soldiers burdens as more than merely physical. He does this

Essay about The Plight of the Black Seminoles - 1493 Words

The Plight of the Black Seminoles Scattered throughout the Southwest and into Northern Mexico, descendants of the Black Seminoles and Maroons are living in this modern world today. Over one hundred years ago, the U.S. government seemed determined to systematically eliminate the Native Americans and manipulate the descendants of the Black slaves. That imperialistic attitude allowed the policies of the U.S. government to treat groups of people with less respect and concern than they treated their livestock. To understand the plight of the Black Seminoles one has to look back in history to slavery days of the Southern states, and at tribal changes of the Florida Natives. At the beginning of the eighteenth century Native Americans†¦show more content†¦A lot of their time was spent hunting and fishing. In contrast to the Anglo-American society, Black Seminoles (and Native Americans) did not aspire to subdue or conquer nature, but to be a part of the natural world (Moquin 1). American settlers, backed by the U.S. Army, began the attempt to relocate the Native Americans in order to gain more land. The Black Seminoles resisted relocation by the land hungry American settlers because if they were to relocate, they could lose their homes, their independence, and their freedom (Mulroy 4). Resistance began. African Americans figured prominently as military allies and increasingly as members of the Seminole community. Blacks participated in the First Seminole War (1817-1818), the Second Seminole War (1835-1842)/ and the Third Seminole War (1855-1858), fighting with Seminole Indians against the United States Army (Littlefield 15). The Trail of Tears began in 1830. It was the forced removal of Native Americans (Black Seminoles among them) from the Southeast portion of the U.S. to Indian Territory (now Oklahoma) by the Federal Government. The Indian Removal Act was passed by congress and authorized by President Jackson (Markowitz 155). After a heartless roundup of Seminole families, the deadly journey began. They were herded like cattle by the hated Bluecoats. The tribe members did not have adequate food or blankets, and many died of starvation and disease (Markowitz 214). OthersShow MoreRelatedThe Sorrow of the Trail of Tears Essay1527 Words   |  7 Pagesgovernment supported, and mandated Act. It was known, officially, as the Indian Removal Act of 1830. There were five major tribes affected by this act. The affected tribes were: the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muskogee Creek, and finally, the Seminole. The tribes occupied the lands of present day North Carolina, Tennessee, Georgia, Florida, and Alabama. Each of these tribes had independent governing bodies, within the land area, which was part of the incorporated United States. The first tribeRead MoreMedia Coverage of Sports, Questions and Answers894 Words   |  4 PagesAbove the title lies the understory of the magazine dealing with how the Florida State Seminoles won the Bowl Championship Series (BCS) title game over the South Eastern Conference (SEC). The title line is ‘BCS Thriller: How the ‘Noles Toppled the SEC’ with the words ‘BCS Thriller and ‘Noles’ and the author in bold. Along the left side of the cover lies the feature story. Above the feature title lays a black box with the words ‘The NFL Playoffs’. Below the box the feature title reads ‘KnowshonRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of The Indian Removal1518 Words   |  7 Pagessedentary farmers. The problem was that the culture of the Indians was that the women did the farming and the men hunted and the Indians wanted nothing to do with this. The white settlers saw this as unwilling to change, causing indifference to the plight of the Indians. When the government enacted the ordinances of 1784-1787, sets the terms of white settlements in the west. This caused several of the tribes to resist the action of taking more of their land and this went on for more than ten yearsRead MoreGeoncide Against Native Americans2048 Words   |  9 Pagesreservations. As many as 15,000 Cherokee were forced from their homes in Mississippi. During this journey to present day Oklahoma, known as the Trail of Tears, over 4000 Cherokee people lost their lives. The four remaining Indian nations consisting of the Seminoles, the Choctaw, the Creeks and the Chickasaws, soon followed suit. They faced many hardships from exhaustion and starvation to illness. The removal of Indians did not stop as the tribes were pushed westward. As the discovery of gold in California

William Jonson s Small Latine And Lesse Greeke Essay

One-third of Shakespeare’s oeuvre takes place in antiquity, and more still makes reference to the personages imagined in Greco-Roman mythology (Baumbach, 77). Upon even modest perusal of Shakespeare’s plays, one can find, notwithstanding poet laureate Ben Jonson’s imputation towards William’s â€Å"small Latine and lesse Greeke†, that Shakespeare had more than a trivial acquaintance with classical dramas and histories. Whether Shakespeare knew enough of Latin and Greek to inquire directly into the pieces or resorted rather to the translations made available within his time, or even, presuming the former, utilized his own translations of Ovid, Quintilian, Sappho, Plutarch, Horace, Virgil et al., remains moot. Still, the historicity of accounts generated by scholars or even those purported to have existed in the bard’s day quite often comes into question, and all that ever stands to analyze are Shakespeare’s works. We see in them a refer ence to myths such that they become something more than the objects contained therein: a mode of signification altogether. For Shakespeare, the myths are become the literary vehicle, a means to engage more intimately with the psyche of his characters. Especially in The Merchant of Venice, classical allusion unveils the underlying motives of characters - it is the way in which Portia can illustrate her wit and hunt of the suitors, the Prince of Morocco his failed conquest of Portia, Bassanio his successful procurement of Portia, and Jessica her

Canterbury Takes And Society Essay Example For Students

Canterbury Takes And Society Essay The Canterbury Tales presents a picture of the society in which the authorlived. The pilgrims tales reflect the changing views held by society at thattime. The pilgrims must tell their tales to and from the shrine. The criteria tochoose the winner are that the tale be instructive and amusing, Tales of bestsentence and most solas (38). The tale that wins must teach a lesson and beentertaining at the same time. The tale of The Wife of Bath would have wonthe contest for these reasons. The tale is entertaining and there is a lesson tobe learned in the end. The tale told by the Wife of Bath is an entertainingtale. The entertainment comes at the beginning of the tale. In Medieval Times,the stories that were told about knights usually involved the knight having anadventure or going on a quest. In the tale, the Knight is sent on a quest by thequeen to find the answer to her question of what women desire most. The Wife ofBath describes the Knights quest for the answer to this question. It app earsthat he has failed in his quest until he meets the lady in the woods. She giveshim the answer that he is seeking. The listener is pleased by this and thelistener is even more pleased by the request that the old woman has for theKnight. This part of the tale would keep a listener listening to the speaker. The listener would want to know what happens next. The lesson of the tale comesin the latter stages of the story. The trust that exists between a married manand woman is the lesson that is brought out in the tale. The Knight is veryupset about the appearance of the woman. She is not the person that he wants tospend the rest of his life with. The woman says that if she were beautiful, hewould have to worry about other men trying to tempt her away from her husband. But if she remains old and ugly, she will be faithful and he will never have toworry that she will cheat on him. The old woman puts the choices to him in thisway. The Knight puts his trust in her. He wants her to do what will make herhappy. Trust is the lesson that comes forth in the second part of the tale. TheTale of the Wife of Bath holds entertainment as well as educational value. TheKnights quest for the answer and the womans request of the Knight keep theaudience into the tale. The audience is also made aware of the lessons of thestory for married people. These characteristics would have helped the Wife ofBaths tale to win the contest.

7 Bad Speaking Habits You Should Avoid [Infographic]

7 Bad Speaking Habits You Should Avoid [Infographic] You’re always making an impression in the workplace. Don’t make an amateur mistake and think that people don’t take note of your casual observations in the break room or  whispered hallway  complainfests. What you say in the workplace stays in the workplace†¦and colors how people perceive you and your level of professionalism. You need to remember that you aren’t among your buddies–you’re at a place of employment, where even the most talented employee can come across as negative, petty, and untrustworthy due to misspeaking in word or in tone. Read on to find Business Insider‘s 7 Habits of Bad Speakers, and then work to eradicate these habits from your daily speech.

Definition and Examples of Body Paragraphs in Composition

Definition and Examples of Body Paragraphs in Composition The body paragraphs are the part of an essay, report, or speech that explain and develop  the main idea (or thesis). They come after the introduction and before the conclusion. The body is usually the longest part of an essay, and each body paragraph may begin with a topic sentence  to introduce what the paragraph will be about.   Taken together, they form the support for your thesis, stated in your introduction. They represent the  development  of your idea, where you present your evidence.   The following  acronym  will help you achieve the hourglass structure of a well-developed  body paragraph:Topic Sentence (a sentence that states the one point the paragraph will make)Assertion statements (statements that present your ideas)eXample(s) (specific passages, factual material, or concrete detail)Explanation (commentary that shows how the examples support your assertion)Significance (commentary that shows how the paragraph supports the  thesis statement).  TAXES  gives you a formula for building the supporting paragraphs in a thesis-driven essay. (Kathleen Muller Moore and Susie Lan Cassel,  Techniques for College Writing: The Thesis Statement and Beyond. Wadsworth, 2011) Organization Tips Aim for  coherence  to your paragraphs. They should be  cohesive  around one point. Dont try to do too much and cram all your ideas in one place. Pace your information for your readers, so that they can understand your points individually and follow how they collectively relate to your main thesis or topic.   Watch for overly long paragraphs in your piece. If, after drafting, you realize that you have a paragraph that extends for most of a page, examine each sentences topic, and see if there is a place where you can make a natural break, where you can group the sentences into two or more paragraphs. Examine your sentences to see if youre repeating yourself, making the same point in two different ways. Do you need both examples or explanations?   Paragraph Caveats A body paragraph doesnt always have to have a topic sentence. A formal report or paper is more likely to be structured more rigidly than, say, a narrative or creative essay, because youre out to make a point, persuade, show evidence backing up an idea, or report findings.  Ã‚   Next, a body paragraph will differ from a  transitional paragraph, which serves as a short bridge between sections. When you just go from paragraph to paragraph within a section, you likely will just need a sentence at the end of one to lead the reader to the next, which will be the next point that you need to make to support the main idea of the paper. Examples of Body Paragraphs in Student Essays Completed examples are often useful to see, to give you a place to start analyzing and preparing for your own writing. Check these out:   How to Catch River Crabs (paragraphs 2 and 3)Learning to Hate Mathematics (paragraphs 2-4)Rhetorical Analysis of U2s Sunday Bloody Sunday (paragraphs 2-13)Time for an Anthem the Country Can Sing (paragraphs 2-4)Watching Baseball, Playing Softball (paragraphs 2-4) If you would like more information on  composition, check out information on the  five-paragraph essay  structure and different modes of discourse, or formats that your paper can take. You may also find useful the exercise, Practice in Supporting a Topic Sentence with Specific Details.

Vietnam Country Report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Vietnam Country Report - Research Paper Example After achieving independence in 1945, the French nation did not offer financial support to Vietnam; furthermore, Americans intervened into the matters of this nation. The nation was divided into two; the northern socialist and the southern communist. Both sides faced major challenges despite the effort put by the first president to stabilize the whole nation. However, in 1976, the two regions merged and became one nation of Vietnam. This was a big step, which later led to economic development. The major vices faced by this country included dictatorship and corruption, even though in the recent past, the government have put efforts to negate these attributes, so as to rise more in terms of economy, hence gaining recognition by international communities. Keywords: Vietnam, Government, Colonial Powers, Colony, France, Rule, America, Independence, Nation, Socialist, Communist, Dictatorship, Corruption, International Community Political History of Vietnam Vietnam is a country that had bee n under colonial rule for a long time. It was ruled by the Chinese for around 1053 years, before the rule of Japan and some other regions by France. However in 1945, Vietnam was declared a free state by the then leader, Ho Chi Minh. In his independence declaration, he tried to sooth the Americans so as to support the move against France, from reclaiming any territory of Vietnam. After the Second World War, America associated itself with France to reclaim some of its territories in Vietnam. This was to the disappointment of Ho Chi Minh, and although this attempt failed, the Americans tried to colonize the Vietnamese, in a move to ensure that Vietnam was transformed to a western oriented nation. Vietnam had lost most of its valuables and could neither have freedom to have its own government, nor develop its own economy; instead it was constantly in war. This angered the then American president Roosevelt in 1944, who complained that France had milked Vietnam for many years (Bradley & Y oung, 2008). All along, with the separation of Vietnam into communist south and socialist north, the country could not make any substantial development. Instead it was a fight for supremacy, and there were many militias and foreign aggressions. However, in 1974, Vietnam was united, although it further faced segregation from the international community. It had been accused of invading Cambodia, faced cold war and had been granted sanctions by America. It was a difficult situation given that the currencies were controlled by these nations. The leaders struggled to progress with the limited freedom and with the unstable economy. Nevertheless, their effort began to bear fruits in 1986, when it adopted economic reforms, which saw the economy grow substantially. This is the country that had been affected most my political instability. Had such a nation been granted its independence earlier, then it would have grown long ago and reached greater heights in its economy. Its growth due to the independence is enough evidence to show that it had potential, but lacked the opportunity. Its restoration is also attributed to the Paris agreement of 1991, where it established diplomatic and economical relations with other nations. Vietnam Political system Vietnam is a presidential state. It is headed by the chief of state, who is the president, and the head of government is the prime

The Onion News Network Reader Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Onion News Network Reader Response - Essay Example Such range of awareness has been evoked by such satirical stories highlighted like that of the Japanese tsunami relief, which was followed by serious comments from its viewers. On the other hand, satire news exposes the rot in the government as well as the shortcomings witnessed in most public offices. In the absence of such arenas, the failures and contradictions in many institutions would go unnoticed. Such has been the advocacy of such programs like The Daily Show, which highlights recent ideas and topics of issues that inform the society. Viewers who highly understand the aspect of humor in the satirical news are able to understand situations better than the way they are given in the normal news broadcasts. In this light, the shows of Colbert Report have provided useful insights to its viewers (Amarasingam 62). For example, he named a Hungarian bridge after himself in one of the shows, a silly but insightful portray of the political situation at the

Linguistics and Language Essay Example for Free

Linguistics and Language Essay In this essay, I will explain as well as compare two theories of first language acquisition, behaviorism and innatism. I will explore the differences between them in such categories as the role of the learner, the role of the environment and as well as their strengths and weaknesses. I will then state and explain which one I find more tenable with examples of relevant literature. Role of the Learner Behaviorism, credited to B. F. Skinner in the 1950s, states that the learner knows nothing to start with, he is an empty slate [o1] to be taught. The learner is passive and learns by positive-negative reinforcement, only repeating what he hears. Innatism, credited to Noam Chomsky in 1965, states that the learner is wired from birth for language. The learner is equipped with a LAD, a language acquisition device. This device allows the learner to discover the rules of his language, any language. Role of the Environment Behaviorism states that the role of the environment is key and vital to the learning process. The environment is the active agent while the learner is the passive agent. The environment produces the necessary language input for the learner. It is up to the environment to give positive and negative reinforcement for the learner. Innatism states that the role of the environment is minimal because it only acts as the trigger for learning. It is also thought the environment is flawed and can’t be relied upon to always give perfect information. Therefore, it is up to the learner to find the rules of the language[o2] . Strengths There are a few strengths to support the behaviorism theory. It is easy to monitor the learners’ performance. This is how parents (as teachers) usually teach their children, through nurturing which puts emphasis on the role of the environment. This theory can also explain why learners have the ability to memorize. On the other hand, there are several strengths of the innatism theory. A learner cannot memorize all the possible different language and grammar combinations that he learns through the environment. The LAD helps the learner to generalize rules and make his own creative use of the language. A child will resist using an irregular form because of over-generalizing, and he will create his own form of a word according to the rules that he has internalized. And these rules don’t necessarily conform to adult grammar rules which include many exceptions. By applying these internalized and generalized rules, a child is able to acquire a language at a fast pace. [o3] Weaknesses The Behaviorism theory only accounts for the performance of the learner, and not on his competence. The learner is passive, so this theory does not focus on the learner’s mind and knowledge. It also does not explain why children acquire a language so quickly even if they are exposed to different environments. In addition, this theory also doesn’t offer an explanation of why children over-generalize rules such as the simple past tense of irregular verbs even though they hear irregular forms in the environment. There are also several weaknesses to the Innatism theory. One of the first weaknesses is that it demands the existence of the Language Acquisition Device (LAD), its existence is difficult to prove and is immeasurable. This theory also doesn’t take into account different kinds of learners, just ideal learners with ideal grammar. The environment plays a minor role in this theory, so it doesn’t take into account the social aspect of the learner. My Opinion Looking at the two of these theories, I find the Innatism theory the most tenable. In my own experience with my children and students, the learners do not always model my behavior. This usually occurs with irregular patterns, particularly past tense verbs. This is similar to the â€Å"wug† test where a child will form a past tense of a verb that he has never heard before by applying the general grammar rules that he has learned. This behavior cannot be memorized and must be driven by an internal structure. Another reason to support this theory is that learners with impaired intelligence have been able to learn the structure of language. It has also been proven that American Sign Language which is taught to the deaf also has its own language structure. In addition, the creation of Creole languages supports the theory. As a Creole develops, grammar and structure are built in. The LAD would account for the formation of these languages as well as for creative uses of language by a learner. Conclusion In this essay I have explained two theories of language acquisition, behaviorism and innatism. In doing so, I have explained the different roles of the learner as well as the environment. I have also explored strengths and weaknesses of each theory and why I support the innatism theory over the behaviorism theory[o4] . [o1]Good one, I forgot this in my essay [o2]Do you think you should mention poverty of stimulus here? [o3]ording? Universal grammar is built off of two propositions, that all languages are governed by a set of universal principles, and that the mind is equipped with parameters which are set intuitively by the child according to the language input they receive. UG researchers have found a number of universal principles. One of the more prominent principles is structure dependency. Structure dependency states that all sentences regardless of the language are built off of propositions that carry both a noun and a verb phrase; in other words, every sentence in every language must have at least a subject and a verb (Chomsky, 1959). One parameter setting that is contained in the LAD is the head setting. Some languages such as English are head first, other languages such as Japanese are head last. Various arguments have been used to support the existence of universal grammar. Chomsky (1959) has proposed the poverty of the stimulus argument, positing that the input children receive cannot account for what they produce, and therefore, children must have an innate facility. He argues that the input is marred in two ways; first it contains a hodgepodge of performance slips, and secondly, it does not contain any negative evidence. How do children acquire language when they don’t know what they can’t say, or how do they learn to speak correctly when the input they here is at times in correct? They do so, according to Chomsky, through this innate capacity. Jackendoff (1994) offers another argument in support of universal grammar, the argument from expressive variety. Jackendoff argues that given that languages are recursive, there is simply no way of storing all of the possible sentences one can create in one’s mind. In other words, sentences don’t come from habits, but rather from creative expression. Universal grammar has had a lot of capital in language acquisition theory, although it has been critiqued on some fronts. Connectionists, particularly, N. Ellis (2006) has argued that language acquisition is not due to an innate faculty and the creative expression of humans, but equates it to a usage-based approach where children learning piecemeal frequently reoccurring chunks of language. Another argument against the innate language faculty is that UG researchers have claimed that only humans have access to syntax, yet this has been found not to be true. Certain animals, such as the humpback whale and songbirds have been found to possess a recursive syntax, suggesting that syntax and language may have evolved from lower order primates. Whereas universal grammar begins with language from the inside, Sociocultural theory, another prominent first language acquisition, posits language acquisition begins from the outside. Vygotsky, the founder of sociocultural theory, argues that language is a psychological tool, which children acquire and learn to manipulate as they interact with their environment and with more capable peers (Vygotsky, 1978). Children first learn language as they interact with their parents. Parents use caretaker speech, which makes it easier for the child to understand and grasp a hold on the concepts of the language. As the child begins to understand and produce simple utterances, they are able to use the language to mediate their psychological functioning (Vygotsky, 1978). Vygotsky argues that children begin learning language by first learning single words, which are pure meaning. As they develop their language skills, and engage in social speech, single word sentences are augmented through incorporation of non-meaningful elements, such as function  words, and the child’s thoughts and words begin to develop more sense meanings. For instance, where the word ‘cat’ for the 1 or two year old child could have served as an exemplar for all cats, by the time the child is nine, and having undergone a variety of experiences related to cat, they have imbibed the word with their own unique s enses. Thus syntax and word senses expand, the more a child learns. Now, whereas social speech began from one and developed into many, inner speech, the speech that goes on inside of our heads becomes more and more truncated. Vygotsky argues, contrary to Piaget, that egocentric speech does not ‘disappear’ rather it becomes internalized as inner speech. And this inner speech is something that could not be understood by anybody but the person who is thinking it. Vygotsky suggests that just as people who have known each other for many years, and who have had a large amount of experiences together exhibit language tendencies of shortened syntax because of their historical shared experience, a person’s inner speech also exhibits this characteristic, but even more so; the stuff of thought is nothing but psychological predicates (Vygotsky, 1978). One of the primary ways humans learn anything, according to Vygotsky, is through the zone of proximal development. This concept explains that what a person can do today with assistance, they can do tomorrow by themselves (Vygotsky, 1978). Applied to first language acquisition, the child may receive help from an expert, such as their parents, who point at objects and say their name, for example, cat. After seeing this, the child may repeat ‘cat’ immediately after. The next day, as the child sees the cat, it says the word ‘cat’ without needing to be told by their parents. Chomsky maintains that languages consist of an infinite number of sentences and cannot be learned through habit formation. Language is too complex to be learned in such a short amount of time (Chomsky, 1959). He believes that every human is born with an innate language learning capacity, which is embedded in the language acquisition device (LAD). Chomsky believes that all language share grammatical structures. This is called universal grammar (UG). Proof of UG includes poverty of stimulus, which explains how children acquire the language despite their limited exposure and incorrect input they may receive. Another evidence for UG that languages are recursive, (Jackendoff, 1994). It is impossible to know all the possible combinations; however, they are learned by children. According to UG, there must be some sort of innate capacity that provides the additional information. The fact that children are resistant to correction once again proves that language is developed through an innate capacity. According to Chomsky (1959), all languages share principles, which are invariable across languages. For example, noun phrases and verb phrases. This is called structure dependency. All languages have verbs and nouns. What distinguishes languages from each other according to Chomsky, are parameters, which are language specific. For example, some languages are head first, and some are head last. In relation to UG, Eric Lenneberg (1967) introduced the Critical Period Hypothesis (CPH), which is a window of language learning opportunity before puberty. Proponents of CPH believe after this period, language learning becomes a much more difficult task and adults tend to rely on other mechanisms such as problem solving skills, reasoning, and deductive instruction to learn a language. Evidence of the CP is for example abused children, who despite being removed from the environment where they were deprived of social contact, were not able to learn the language. There have been many criticisms to Chomsky’s UG, for example, the LAD cannot be located and is immeasurable. Also, Chomsky’s theories overlook the effects of social contact and the environment on language learning. Social interactionist Vygotsky (1978) was a strong proponent of the social interaction hypothesis. He believed that learning takes place through social interaction, and give and take of information with caregivers, parents, or peers. According to Vygotsky, children begin with external speech, which could consist of one word only, but have the meaning of a whole sentence. Gradually, as the child grows older, he develops more complex and longer sentences and associates more meaning with his words. A child also engages in private speech (similar to adults), which is usually meant for problem solving or thinking out loud, but is not meant for sharing although articulated. Vygotsky believes that as the child develops more linguistic skills, this private speech becomes internalized and turns into inner speech, which is pure meaning, and does not consist of subjects; it is predicated. In direct opposition to the environment being the active participant in language learning, Chomsky flips behaviorism on its head and presents the learner as having a primary role while environment becomes secondary. Within the Universal Grammar Theory (UG), Noam Chomsky (1959) presents a Language Acquisition Device (LAD) that is responsible for the language learning process. Purely biological, language is filtered through the innate LAD that is structured with principles that are unchanging and parameters that vary according to the language being learned. Proofs to support this theory are many. Syntax and the head-first/head-last parameter are two such proofs. As a child learns language, they hold to one of only two possibilities in any given language – head-first and head-last – and language is formed through recursion and syntactic movement that follow a pattern within a particular language. This shows that language is rule-governed and that the LAD is programmed with language foundations from which a child can develop. That children are resistant to correction follows this same thought as they develop language through the LAD. Language is not linked to intelligence as we see in brain damaged adults who are completely coherent in language skills and others who are cognitively normal but cannot speak correctly. Stroke victims also show that, depending on the area of the brain that is affected, intelligence and speech are not linked. Broca’s and Wernicke’s Aphasias show that certain areas of the brain affec t speech while intelligence remains unaffected. As evidenced by the Gopnik family, genetic impairments have also proven that a glitch in the UG can be passed down from one generation to another, thus proving that the LAD is indeed biological (Jackendoff, 113). Eric Lenneberg’s Critical Period Hypothesis (1967) and the cases of â€Å"wild children† are yet further evidence. Lenneberg holds that the LAD becomes dormant or ineffective after a certain age – around the age of 12 – and this is why children acquire language so much more quickly than adults who are attempting the same. Through these studies of particular children who did not learn language and who were void of contact with language as a whole, it shows that the younger the child, the more fully they were able to learn language. Once a child was passed the age of 12 or so, they were unable to acquire proper language skills. The younger children were not only able to learn more adequately but then went on to continue in the language learning process as a normal adult would. As many proofs as there are for Chomsky’s UG and the LAD, criticisms are plentiful as well. First and foremost, where is the evidence that a device like LAD exists? It certainly has not been located in the brain, therefore, it remains immeasurable and some have serious doubt as to its legitimacy. This theory also limits the role of the environment and gives no account for the social context of the language learning process. It idealizes the speaker and the grammar itself to a certain degree and packages the entire process a bit too neatly. Cognitive Development Theory Jean Piaget’s (1955) work in cognitive development is foundational on many levels. Watching his own children, nature, and certain study groups of young children, Piaget introduces a theory that is completely developmental. As a child is ready and developed (both biologically and cognitively), they are able to assimilate, accommodate and adapt new experiences. Underlying in this theory is reasoning and logic. The role of the environment is minimal and the learner is vital but only as they are cognitively developed and ready for new experiences. A child will not learn what they are not cognitively developed to receive at that point no matter what the instruction. Piaget holds to the notion of children developing schema. As a new experience is received and they are biologically and cognitively ready to receive it, they will develop new schema to fit into the framework of schema that they already have developed. This theory also relies heavily on egocentric and socialized speech with each one serving a different function. Egocentric speech is what is used (mainly by children) when words and thoughts are spoken out loud but the one speaking is only dealing with their own thoughts and ideas. Socialized speech is a shift away from egocentric speech where one simply derives pleasure from speaking to being a way of exchanging their ideas or opinions. Although Piaget’s work and theory is critical, it neither accounts for the child’s behavior as a whole nor for the cognitive development after the stage of ‘formal operation’ is reached. It offers vast insight into the developmental process of a child but little instruction on attaining language skills. It was also based solely on a Western model and is therefore quite limiting. SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION Input Output Hypotheses As a result of older models of language teaching where attention was given to language grammar, Krashen (1981) places his focus on communication input. He contends that if the learner is given a chance to absorb the language, they will be better equipped to acquire it. Rather than forcing output immediately, Krashen holds to a silent period where learners have the privilege of just listening to language before attempting it†¦much like a young child would in learning their mother tongue. Comprehensible input (i + 1) is the formula that Krashen holds to for optimal language learning for second language learners (SLLs). This states that if a SLL is offered input that is only slightly beyond what they already know, acquisition will take place. He also makes a differentiation between language learning and language acquisition, claiming that acquisition is what is needed for the language learning process. Criticisms of Krashen’s hypothesis are that input alone cannot account for acquisition and that some grammatical forms cannot be learned without being taught. Swain (1985) introduces her Output Hypothesis in contrast to Krashen and claims that no matter the input, if the output is unintelligible, acquisition has not truly occurred. It is the output that forces learners to grapple with the grammatical processing and figure out what works. Through output, a learner can realize their problem areas, can experiment with new areas they are unsure of, and gives them the chance to analyze problems they are having in their language learning process.

E.e. Cummings, Poem, Anyone Li Essay -- essays research papers

E.E. Cummings "anyone lived in a pretty how town" I first read this poem and I thought of love, two people in love. Anyone and noone are in love and that is what matters to them, to be in love with each other and with life. It involves the day, the night, and how the weather changes. The seasons revolve and the children grow up to become adults. As I read the poem I realized there were three sections to it. Which consist of anyone and noone, "women and men" in line four, and the children. The first stanza is strange the first time you read it. You do not understand "anyone" is a person and not just anyone. I believe that line six is referring to all of the adults in the town, Cummings does not want us to think of the town people as separate people but as a whole group undistinguishable from on another. This is told in line five where it states "little and small", he is grouping them in very close together. The children are separated into there own group. As they grow through the seasons in lines ni ne, ten, and eleven, they pass on into adulthood. They in essence no longer exist in the poem. The bells ringing might have something to do with them becoming adults, since I do not see them relating to any other parts of the poem. The bells seem to be an important part of the town since they are mentioned in the second line of the poem and those exact lines are repeated in line twenty-four, sixth stanza of th...

Internet and culture Essay

Introduction Technology affects culture in various ways. As the industrial revolution made its impact in Europe in the nineteenth century, the factory mode of production and assembly line operations had a significant impact on family structures. In the twentieth century the popularity of radio and television gave way to large scale broadcasting media that reached out to a large population. The post second world war era saw a proliferation of mass media shaped by new age advertising that attempted to create new markets, sometimes by determining people’s needs and sometimes by shaping their wants. This has been seen by many as a culture shaping mechanism that attempts to harmonize the entire world. One of the first models that studied this phenomenon is the Frankfurt School, which analyzed the processes of cultural production and political economy, the politics of cultural texts, and audience reception and use of cultural artifacts (Kellner 1989 and 1995). The Frankfurt school studied this trend in both the US and in Germany and was witness to the rise of modern media and a culture that evolved around the cinema, popular music, radio, television, and other forms of mass culture (Wiggershaus 1994). The Internet Revolution However the internet revolution that came on the heels of the collapse of the Berlin wall and the dismantling of the Soviet system, putting an end to the cold war unleashed other forces that would counter the unifying theme of global corporate controlled media. The Internet allowed people to access specific information, it made it possible for the ordinary person, cutting across digital divides to upload his or her won thought and through various websites, blogs and contributed material enabled a large amount of personalized information to be shared and debated. The forces of globalization coupled with individual thought and attitude made the internet a forum that could counter the uniformity that mass media was prone to develop. The future of the internet is one where larger communities develop of like minded individuals or of individuals who debate and discuss issues of their concern. The digital divide, thanks to cheaper broadband, is already dwindling and larger communities across the globe getting connected. The web, with its search engines and portals that carry loads of information, already is a seamless source of information that is easy to access and offers information for free. Email that developed along with the web is now something everyone uses and has brought back people in touch with each other without having to send slow snail mail or spend money in calling their contacts over the phone; Email will continue to be one of the most important tools on the web used by large populations for easy communication. Search engines have already developed to a large extent and the contribution of encyclopedia like Wikipedia to those wanting to share information and learn new things is already well documented. As Zittrain (2006) argues, â€Å"The most plausible path along which the Internet might develop is one that finds greater stability by imposing greater constraint on, if not outright elimination of, the capacity of upstart innovators to demonstrate and deploy their genius to large audiences. Financial transactions over such an Internet will be more trustworthy, but the range of its users’ business models will be narrow. † Conclusion However, what is yet uncertain is how this new technology shapes the future of culture in an international setting. Will it cause further stress as more people use the technology to spread terror, child abuse, sell spurious drugs over the net and indulge in petty financial fraud? Will it be an invasion of privacy as more and more personal information is stored in web pages across the net? Would it lose its current free flowing inclusive character and get regulated by various governments worried about the nature of the Internet that allows everyone to be the author and the reader at the same time? The future will answer these questions, but till then as we surf the web getting more and unique information, individual thoughts and insights, send email and blog, the power of this new technology captivates those of us who now spend hours on the net. REFERENCES †¢ Kellner, D (1989) Critical Theory, Marxism, and Modernity. Cambridge and Baltimore: Polity and John Hopkins University Press. †¢ Kellner, D. (1995) Media Culture. Cultural Studies, Identity, and Politics, Between the Modern and the Postmodern. London and New York: Routledge. †¢ Wiggershaus, R (1994), The Frankfurt School. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press. †¢ Zittrain, J. L. (2006) â€Å"The Generative Internet†. Harvard Law Review, Vol. 119. pp 1974 -2040. At http://www. harvardlawreview. org/issues/119/may06/zittrain. pdf. Last Accessed May 1, 2007.

Cyber Ethics Essay example - 1082 Words

Cyber Ethics: Rules for Using the Web We all have heard of ethics. According to Webster’s II New College Dictionary (1995), ethics is the rules or standards governing the conduct of a person or the members of a profession. As Winn Schwartau (2001) stated â€Å"ethics is also about understanding how your actions will affect other people†. Cyber-ethics is the ethical decisions we make when using the Internet. We are tasked to use the Internet on a daily basis and we task students to use the Internet regularly, but to use it properly we must adhere to ethics. Ethics is not a law but your moral code. We must know how to avoid plagiarism, know the acceptable use of the Internet, and we must be familiar with Censorship in order to know what moral†¦show more content†¦Learn the quot;cyberquot; vocabulary. There are new words out there, meaningful to your children. Make sure you understand the lingo. Talk with your kids about cyberprivacy amp; safety --- personal, family, emotional, physical. Talk about et hics amp; morality with the family. Establish an agreement as to what all of you believe, (make sure its legal!), and stick to it. Question your childrens schools and teachers as to what --- if anything --- they are doing in cyberethics. This has national standards that are required to be taught, just like standards in reading and math. The Socrates Institute has designed â€Å"The CyberEthics Project,quot; a comprehensive K-12 curriculum in cyberethics, for schools to use across the country. It helps to increase the students awareness of the consequences, safety, legal and ethical use regarding the Internet and other forms of electronic data (Radnofsky amp; Vuko 2004). To find out more about the project visit their website at http://www.socratesinstitute.org. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;We also have to monitor to see what students are accessing online. Because of the First Amendment, it is hard to censor what is published on the web. 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