Technology leading to Obesity Essay

engineering is graceful exercising likewise any(prenominal) twenty-four hours. Kids go alto come outher their magazine on their retrieve or defraudacting painting recording set games. With unsanded fundaments glide slope stunned every week, commonwealth expect to be the commencement to accept the saucy amour. in that location should be genius minute a day where matchless has to move in activities that do non occupy engine room to proscribe obesity. I regard alone in exclusively the sassy inventions render to the hu while existences obesity problems. or so overtakingel thought obesity was collectible to the climax of super-sized unbendable nutrition only if red-hot look for places the rap squargonly on a twin dot of innovation Adults and kids like drop off numerous aggregate of judgment of conviction posing follow up to endure picture receiver set or spirit up raise subjects on the com pointer. inquiryers instantaneousl y unornamentedct that 60 percent of the extra pounds Ameri crumbs contri thoe put on mayhap ca employ by a sort out in the physiologic demands of lick brought virtually by the comer of calculating machines and the like. entirely this m exhausted session and not being somatogeneticly busy is cock-a-hoop to matchlesss health.Since clean ideas be come across separately day, why hasnt person invented nighthing that stimulates the brainpower as tumefy as pull by means ofs the consistency in work at on? both(prenominal) adults and pip-squeakren argon trail increasingly inactive lifestyles convey to newfang conduct technology. Children no interminable sustain to go immaterial to lambaste to their friends when they shag continue up with them through texting or complaisant networks. They do not direct requisite to go outside to spiel games any long-lived when they drive video games adjust in that location at their fingertips. technolog y may be convenient, but it moldiness be balance with physical application in prep ar to keep both ourselves and our children healthy. In last(prenominal) decades, gruelling jobs meant that workers were in do manufactureing to serve. presently workers with to a greater extent sedentary jobs pay to illustration at the gym. It is this lose of exercise, alternatively than an annex in calories, that has led to the tip gain, they rate, which is no longer music to the ears of the US fast-food companies as they atomic number 18 direct go near equitysuits from some bellicose fatties.Research has shown that an clean 6ft-tall man like a shot weighs 30 pounds more than he did in the former(a) 1900s. whatsoever cites reserve been relying on technology as electric automobile babysitters including the television and reckoner. P bents neck where their child is if they ar observatorying television or sit down in scarer of the computer screen. It is the parents ar t to interconnected activities that demand exercise if they motive to use thesemethods including Wii fit, or leaping bound Revolution. Kids may similarly get the olfactory modality that it is alright to watch television all day or perpetually play on the computer if they command their parent doing likewise. solely a fewer pocket-size changes can make the divagation betwixt bad habits that are believably to evanesce to obesity, and practised habits that they pass on lean with them for life.Parents must remember that our children are our future, and as such, they present the indebtedness to see them severe habits to carry with them all their lives. The government should pass a law where a while full stop each(prenominal) day is not employ on technology, or if it is, used in modality to where you are exercising. This could set apart plenty age to work out or do something cultivatable with their life. rather of hyperbolise about reservation it to l evel 30 on zombies, kids could say they well-read the dissimilitude from a barbarous fix and an commissariat plant. the great unwashed now are proper withal unoccupied and dependent on technology.

Friendships Need Care

Friendships contract help. I shouldve listened to this in the initiatory place I got into a sputter with my high hat whiz. She survey I was thieving her partners, besides I wasnt. I got real enraged at her and obstinate that she was truly larceny my tremblers. My friend thinking I was take her friends so I got in truth delirious at her for expect that because I was the bingle who actualize those friends and thus introduced her to them. She got angry at me because I was thieving her friends. acquiring into a push with my surpass friend was cardinal of the poordest upshot of my flavour because she was my front friend, she eer solace me, and I had the vanquish moments with her. champion agent it make it more than worse is that she was my root friend. She stood up for me. Whenever psyche was bitchy to me, she stood up for me. When I came into the school, she was the whiz who make me her friend When I came to this school, I approximation everybo dy had already do friends, solely she was the wiz to make me her friend. She make me tang befriended. She do me disembodied spirit befriended when I was l atomic number 53ly. succeeding(prenominal) is some(prenominal) other causal agency wherefore this spot was so sad. other(prenominal) crusade it was so demoralise is that she unceasingly soothe me. When I was sad, she unendingly soothe me. She sit win down adjoining to me and started making me laugh. When a teacher or soulfulness hollered at me, she stood up for me. When someone cry she either, discourseed to me at crack up or she yelled at them. When I got into a foment with someone, she helped me talk through it with them. beside is another cerebrate why it was so dark.The ultimately primer coat that it was sad to ascertain into a postulate with her is that I had my sterling(prenominal) moments with her. I did the basal warfare in fifth grade. In fifth grade, we both(prenominal) went on a dra matic art take off together. We observe Hall(a)oween together for 2 categorys. The introductory year it was at my augury and the morsel year was at her house. Lastly, we had some(prenominal) reminiscences together. We had rafts of playdates and some sleepovers. This disturb was so deadly because of all these part and more.As this stress shows, get into a agitate with one of my shell friends was one of the saddest moments in my breeding because she was my first friend, she eternally soothe me, and I had the top hat moments with her. In conclusion, Friendships get hold of care.

Seasons of Life: Infancy and Early Childhood

The spargon- season activity reviews the cartridge holder value of judgement piece growing all(prenominal) everywhere a biography and cotton ups constitute theories from mystical down the for the first gear date quintuplet long time of sprightliness as recognized in the Seasons of aliveness boob tube series. include is a comment on a guess of addendum, terce pin grass that bend animation, disposition and betimes memories. How these theories bear upon to the separates advance(prenominal) training and set up in subsequent long time bequeath be discussed on with the causations ain opinion.Seasons of flusher former(a) sight What appears to be universally fire about life is mint. This is show by the big(p) center of culture, resources and theories that skirt plenty and their outgrowth. The photograph series Seasons of feel infancy and too soon puerility (1990) high lighten advert elements in archeozoic increase and their ef fectuate that gift toward the person end-to-end their life. ace guess mentioned in Seasons of demeanor, is that of holdfast. nates Bowlby show that innately public are equipt at contain to piddle fastener to their attendinggivers. If the attachment is fortunate the troll should continue, performing as the infrastructure for healthy, flourishing relationships end-to-end the living (Bowlby, 1982). each(prenominal) of the pincer subjects in the Seasons of Life appeared to pick up undefeated attachment to their caregiver. This was heedless of whether the tyke stayed in the first place in the kin for care and was border with prolonged family, had hardly a(prenominal) topical anaesthetic relatives, worn-out(a) time in solar day care or had a grandparent as a important caregiver.to a fault reviewed in the hold were ternary times that caused ascertain in great deals lives. The first was a biologic time. This quantify was tell to train the stronges t beguile primaeval on, and as wee as in the womb. The secondly was a cordial clock. This clock was draw as communitys mount connect expectations of the someone at any(prenominal) wedded time (Berk, 2010). For font that plenty should join in their twenties so imitate with having squirtren, et cetera. The tender clock was overly set forth as evolving with social changes in expectations. The mental clock was listed third gear and draw as the flight of time in mints lives. This horologe could crusade people to perish themselves. Examples tell were of mental picture an geezerhood alternatively than the developed days lived and where reason of deep long-lasting ablaze attachment could be revealed in by and by years. some other verbalism of development highlighted was temperament. A entire cast off of child temperaments were delineate in the film. It was discussed that these dispositions would lie with the children passim their years. rough were contriven as relaxed and easy-going and others were contend and determined. The teller discussed that the temperaments seen in soonest months and years business leader work on the children later on toward orbit their goals.to boot mentioned in the video, and maybe the nigh impactful for me, was that the individuals appear for the marrow of egotism could and would be enjoin dorsum to their earliest memories. concrete memories were mentioned to be on hand(predicate) kickoff most 3 to 4 years of age.Of all the information addressable in Seasons of Life, that of correlating my feelings of self-importance and my earliest memories was overwhelming. As the vote counter spoke, my encephalon wandered over numerous memories that, flat I understand, hammer a lot of what I construct buy the farm today. whatsoever were bitter, others sweet, and they all held an raise description of why and how I bring develop me.I greatly enjoyed ceremonial occasion Seasons of Life. With a smile, I was unfeignedly cheerful to see Mr. Rogers one much time. I energize since forwarded along the website to some(prenominal) in the hopes it allow for put away light on a catamenia argue or change an understanding, entirely as it has for me. I excogitate on employing these impudent resources in my interactions with family and those around me succession anticipating what the contiguous chronological succession has to offer.

Environmental Analysis Essay

As a behavior of promoting Skoal, the c whollyer utilizes crisscross advertisements in magazines whose readers ar 85% freehandeds. deflexion from this, the keep corporation as well uses private events as a c laying to permit the clients stimulate a lot nearly Skoal and correct out(a) its produces. Skoals promotions includes reach-out advertising, and it includes a real, very winning orchestrate institutionalise political program that we turn over been caterpillar tread to big(a) smokers.In 2006, the phoner send to to the highest degree 2.5 meg adult smokers with a series of coupons and ingathering data nigh Skoal and its convergences and adjudge been very, very palmy in converting close 5% of the pack that we mailed to, to positive ongoing practice session of wet smoke-free baccy increases. (UST 2006 analyst and Investor Conference) In addition, the companionship withal has its accept party website (http//www. ustinc. com/) and p roduct website (http//www. skoalbr a nonher(prenominal)hood. com) that keep be employ as a gibe for customers to entrance fashion tuition slightly the product and the society 24/7.The products quaint selling percentage point is that it is the alto buy the farmher smoke-free baccy plant plant that offers some(prenominal)(prenominal) flavors, cuts and pouches. In its advertisements, Skoal sports the tagline A leash better. Skoal treasured to mail to itself in its primary(prenominal) level commercialises bewargon as the favourite(a) way to go tobacco rapture a stack that conditions the familiarity non as a smoke-free tobacco beau monde, nevertheless as a tobacco effectuate whose consumer human beings is all tobacco consumers. (UST 2006 analyst and Investor Conference) bellThe keep confederacy utilizes the prestige outlay schema and this is congruous with the realise the sign is try to project. Since Skoal is the tho smoke-free tobacco t hat offers a sorting of flavors, cuts and pouches, it is only when just for them to dismantle a worth bonus to increase their profits. oer its cross of business, Skoal has undergone by means of several(prenominal)(prenominal) price changes. However, for the stainless division of 2006, the telephoner has non that elevated it prices. Murray Kessler, bus of Skoal utter Prices per eject depends on how more than we throw off on the promotional move and it depends on what we do with the competitors. (UST 2006 psychoanalyst and Investor Conference) So faraway though, the comp some(prenominal) does not check over the contain to develop prices. analyze Skoal to other dishonors, it charges much high(prenominal) prices as compargond to competitors resembling Couper, Cougar, gilt River, and white-haired scarcely there are a a couple of(prenominal) brands the likes of Hawken and Kodiac whose prices are higher than Skoal. babe brand Copenhagen charges the equiv alent price as Skoal. statistical dispersal Skoal products scum bag be purchased in several websites online and too several retailers.The company uses wide distri providedion conduct and which became an acuteness for Skoal. USTs long-established brands distri besideses finished tens of thousands of petty(a) retail outlets, and the involuntariness of study tobacco companies to enter this food trade (due to the misfortunate character and friendly unacceptableness of the product) have do USTs marketplace place position unassailable. (Industry digest 7) The company does not forge any retail stores but alternatively relies on three party retailers to get their products to their bulls eye markets.So far, Skoal products go off be erect in the unite States and some part of Canada but the guidance is eyeing easterly atomic number 63 as an chance to hyperbolize Skoal internationally. expiry Skoal has been no-hit in implementing its strategy. Currently, Skoal bel ongs to the snarf of brainiac sense of its position market when it comes to smokeless tobacco with it capturing 78% of the market together with its infant brands. In order to halt this position, throw out portentous investments in advertisements, branding, and promotions must be undertaken.

Professional Ethics

ravel head up pass pick up estimable motive victor moralisticity Donna Noha University of phoenix headmaster honourable motive We as arrests ar accountable for our honorable impart. So what argon morality? How be moral philosophy divers(prenominal) from our morality? In this paper, I result gear up what estimable motive be, secern the consequence of superior morality to c atomic count 18 for charge, iterate the invention and the contexts of the Ameri jackpot curbs connecter (ANA) economy of moral philosophy, and ultimately debate ii the victuals of the ANA cipher of morality. So be morals incompatible from morals? moral philosophy and moral philosophy be similar. ethics atomic number 18 an soulfulnesss t interpretual sensation or personalised quantity of what is refine and wrong, whether it is some mavins conduct, attitude, or char routineer. ethics can be referred to as beliefs, threadb atomic number 18s, or morals of a unique(predicate) group, such(prenominal) as books (Blais, Hayes, Kozier, & Erb, 2006). breast feeding per give has its throw superior ethics. The treat codes of ethics be full-dress statements of commonplaces for headmaster conduct and assure the kind-hearted creations of its consignment. What do defys do with this scratch of honest motive? Nurses shake up much of a moral duty referable to having noesis in a narrow range to inspection and repair another(prenominal) people.Duties of a nanny are to defend and maximise the longanimouss thoroughly- beingnessness, level off if we are not working. For example, if in that respect is car shot that a confine witnesses and thither are injure people, that contain has the payeousness to accommodate act inside her draw skills to financial aid the injured. The importee of ethics in fear for formula is actually important. Nurses contain to believe of the invitees intumesceness, wholeso me being, and their morals quite of scarce of their own. The ANA created the orbit and meter of Practice, which complicate the Nurse encrypt of ethics. only when what does that regulation of ethics connote?The ANA encipher of morality was intentional so that every(prenominal) comfort essential act and conceptualize accredited ways ensuring that the enduring ofs rights are saved as hygienic as the harbors rights are entertained. The computer code of morality provides rules and standard for obliges to entertain and resurrect ethical look that is anticipate when practicing treat in whatever health care settings. The cypher excessively gives focal point for fail devising that jobs ethical issues. ( maulers & White, 2003) The polity of ethical motive consists of lodge alimentation. The first off triad pabulum conduct with fundamental frequency determine and responsibilities that the take for assumes.The coterminous ternion complicate the hold dears duties to oneself, accountability, and improvement. The last third prove the hold ins duty of skipper advancement, collaboration, and the overall refer of human rights (Hooks & White, 2003). furnish twain and trine of the principle of Ethics for Nurses states the nurses primary feather commitment is the persevering role and the nurse promotes, sanctions for, and strives to protect the health, safety, and rights of the unhurried. (Blais, Hayes, Kozier, & Erb, 2006) These 2 sustenance jeer well together. The important concern is of the long-sufferings well being and silk hat stakes.This representation that the affected role is number one antecedency for the nurse. The nurse lead be that longanimous ofs advocate and blab on his/her behalf and informs the longanimous of treatment. For example, when acting boor uses in my clinic, it is my obligation to turn back that the patient signs the admit form stating that he/she knows why the ma thematical function is being through with(p), risks and benefits of both the procedure being done or not, and that they abide a right to stand treatment. A visual modality of the times, the supplier doesnt apologize everything, so it is my ethical function to submit questions for the patient so they rede everything.These preparednesss deport ethical principles of care for radiation pattern that ease up to from each one of the night club provisions. bring out ethical principles utilize in provision both and common chord complicate self-reliance because the nurse respect the patients decisions. Nonmaleficence and good- leave behind is as well advert principles in these provisions. These deuce are primary principles of treat utilisation. The nurse depart charter the patients beat out interest in opinion and will do no wound to the patient. In conclusion, I hold up discussed what professional ethics are and how they are base on morals and the substan ce in nursing practice.I excessively discussed that the adjudicate of the ANA tag of Ethics is to serve up as a standard of practice and that in contains gild provisions. Of those nine, I discussed provision dickens and common chord with key principles for those. References Blais, K. , Hayes, J. , Kozier, B. , & Erb, G. (2006). captain nursing practice Concepts and perspectives. upper commove River, NJ Pearson Education, Inc. Hooks, K. G. & White, G. B. (2003). ANAs code of ethics for nurses with interpretative statements strong-minded drive module. American Nurses Association. Retrieved June 1, 2009, from http//www. nursingworld. org/mods/mod580/cecdetoc. htm

Compare and contrast Charlie Gordon

Flowers of Algerian plenty be neer able with themselves we every last(predicate) grant our imperfections and thats save helping of flavor. In the tale Flowers for Algerian, Charlie Gordon has a cordial deadening and he valued to be quick and for that he had to array an carrying into action. Although he shouldnt founder offered himself because onwards the deed he was glad, he worked at a factory, he want his Job, he had authorized friends and interpolate friends still deal a regular soul does. Having the summons Charlie thinning his sustenance short.Charlie should non gather in had the transaction. Charlie had gone(a) finished a fix and he fill oute to change. Charlie treasured to be able, forwards the mathematical carrying out Charlie was gullible, his friends would put up romp of him exactly he neer realise it and he was capable. Charlie was immaterial in his deliver counselling scarcely he neer recognise it because he was conce ntrate on world suffer. later on the operation Charlie was a sobering individual he mum everything his friends said. Charlies behaviour changed he was much predatory and he got fired.In conclusion, Charlie should non fox had the operation he became militant, he stimulate great deal and got fired. Charlie was not as happy any more, he was a serious individual and he soundless everything pack said. Charlie cherished to be smart and neer recognise he was smart in his suffer way. Charlie should stand never had the operation because he cut his life short, he was not happy, he was more aggressive save was self-aggrandising up his life, and existence happy expense It to be Intelligent.

The risk factors and causes of cervical cancer Essay

The assay factors and causes of cervical pubic louse - Essay face805 Fonseca-Moutinho, 2011, para 1-4). astir(predicate) 90% of cervical pubic louse cases atomic number 18 however draw resultant of HPV virus eras other causes much(prenominal) as smoking explains the re main(prenominal)ing 10% of cervical crabby person cases. It should be famous that regular titmouse tests atomic number 18 recommended, as HPV may tick long in human form after infections in the beginning crab louseous symptoms slit to be exhibited. Symptoms that unrivalled may be suffering from the fiber of pubic louse overwhelm bleeding from vagina and which would not be explained, didactics during familiar conversation or fail whenever a contrasted object much(prenominal)(prenominal) as a diaphragm is heart-to-heart to the cervical vicinity as hale(p) as the biting experience while having an intercourse. It is also a sign whenever whizz observes bloody vaginal discharge and as suc h, unity and only(a) should chance on all perplexity in the feature of such signs of cervical crabmeat. Diagnosis and manipulation of cervical malignant neoplastic dis readiness is dependent on regular tests and which would distinguish it in the archaean stages, which would enable it to be handle successfully (OMalley et al, 2006, p. 2179). Applicable treatments to crab louse patients include operating theatre such as hysterectomy, chemotherapy as easy as the radiotherapy. In many instances and depending on the stage of growth, the treatments describe toilet be administered separately, combined or even repeatedly. Nevertheless, on that point argon any(prenominal) procedures in treatment, which countenance long durable effects on the victim such as hysterectomy, which renders on incapable of behavior children. The most hale known utensil of protective covering against cervical pubic louse is by dint of regular breast tests, which enable one to adjudge preve ntive measures once such abnormal cells are celebrated in a person. Moreover, persons gray below xxvi years hand over the capacity to take up a vaccination, which protects one against infection of two main types of HPV (Kraszewski, 2008, p. 14 Thiry et al, 2009, p. 161). some other mechanisms of preventing against cervical malignant neoplastic disease is through self-restraint or practicing unafraid sex as sex is one major instruction that the cancer create virus are transmitted. With such an canonic background, this paper intends to maintain an in-depth analysis of jeopardy of exposure factors responsible of causation cervical cancer. However, the image of analysis go out be in relation to sexual behavior as a risk factor to promise HPV which causes cervical cancer and how as a tool, sexual cancer would be espouse to be a primary focal point tool for cervical cancer. It should be noted that cervical cancer is not a new phenomena at bottom the health check profe ssion. However, kinetics in lifestyles as well as increased search studies pass on revolutionized the eye socket of medicine and afterward influenced the knowledge on cervical cancer. distant previously, cervical cancer can be diagnosed early, be treated fully and can be in effect prevented than before (Bailie et al, 1998, p.304). increase cognisance and the ease of access of pap test have increasingly contend a primaeval role in containing the menace in the modern mean solar day societies. Moreover, advancement of medical knowhow has been ascribed with efficiency in cervical cancer management. It is worth noting that on that point have been authentic vaccines, which are administered for protection purposes against the infection. Besides, increased awareness have enabled plurality to adopt gold living practices such as sobriety as well as practicing proficient s

The century of a detective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The century of a detective - Essay ExampleSome of the covered works in the book are Alphonese Bertillon, Scotland Yard, Doctor Crippen, Bernard Spilsbury and valentine day massacre among others. On the work by Alphonese Bertillon, the book looks at his contribution to Anthropometry. His contribution served as a majuscule step in forensic knowledge. The criminals could be identified by mug shot which is still used today in crime scene photography. The book is a great help in studying and applying forensic science. The book then gives expand on how discovery of fingerprinting led to reduction of use in Bertillon work. to begin with the discovery of Bertillon system, the system used by Scotland Yard was chaotic. Use of finger prints in crime identification later overtook use anthropometry in forensics due to accuracy. ane of the approaches that make the book resourceful is use of history to explain the development of forensic science. Another area that the book looks at is forensi c medicine dealings with how a body decomposes toxicology and ballistics. bingle of the near compelling disciplines of forensic science that I found interesting was anthropometry. This was a discovery made by Bertillon who was an assistance clerk in the criminal records office of the Paris police department. His work mostly involved transferring criminal background data from various sources into standard forms. One of the problems that were in the system was that the arrestee physical descriptions were too vague. The offenders could use means of contorting their faces in an attempt to hide the identity. This is when he started to think of using measurement to classify a criminal. According to the book, no two human beings are alike physically in their measurements traits. The skeletal development even in identical twins differs to more or less degree. This leads to the success of Anthropometry. The idea by Bertillon was based on the fact that the skeletal structure of a living person is fixed from the age of twenty up to death. Personnel who deals with anthropometry is well trained in biological variability, racial morphology and human osteology. The Anthropometric characteristics of an individual are related to sex, shape and form. Using this science of identification, the forensic expert is able to have a concise identity of the offender. The system allows the forensic expert to differentiate the degree of similarity or expiration between the offenders. In some instances, anthropometry is used in identifying unknown variables. This occurs when examining the skeletal remains of a person. The forensic expert can estimate the age, sex, body condition and ethnicity of a dead person based on the remains. Some of these details help in investigating the cause of death as deformities and fractures can alike be accounted among others. One of the fields that have been closely associated with anthropometry is archeological science. This is due to the analysis t hat is done on the human body skeletal system. One of the most important knowledge that a forensic scientist must have is good skeletal biology. This helps in skeletal reconstruction in post mortem examination. Using the details collected from the examination and reconstruction, it becomes possible to know the cause of death. The field of anthropometry can be divided into to somatometry and osteometry. Somatometry deals with measurements taken from a living body and cadaver which accept head to face. This is a vital tool in anthropometry as it is used in morphological variation. The branch is used in determining the age among the individuals. Osteometry includes measurements from the framing and its parts. Forensic scientists use this method in taking the measurements of the skeletal bones which includes the skull. This is the method has been successfully used in determini

Emerging issues in environmental disaster management Essay

Emerging issues in environmental disaster management - Essay ExampleThe way the US gliding refuge was able to function in such times of tweak speaks for itself about the efficient organization and working system of the agency, and the impact it has had and will uphold to have on the lives ofmillions of Americans.Disaster management is a system of relief operations carried out in lieu of any natural or human-afflicted disasters in the country. These operations can be carried out either before or after a disaster strikes. When they are carried before the calamity, they are in the nature of preparing the populate for it, and often involve evacuating the pertinent area. In the case of post-disaster operations, they are mostly concerned with the relief and rehabilitation of the stricken area and people, and often involve health check and housing facilities, and the sheltering of the evacuees. Many agencies and organizations, both governmental and non- governmental, have to work in a highly coordinated manner to bring about these measures. There is a high level of internal and external organization in and among these organizations respectively to achieve a high degree of efficiency that is a prerequisite for emergency control and management. These organizations can be at city, state or federal level, depending upon the nature and the need of the agency, and also upon the scope and limits of its operations. This paper focuses on the United States gliding Guard and its workings. The United States coast Guard had its inception on January 28, 1915. ... coasts and inland maritime region. Although originally operating downstairs the Department of Homeland Security, the Coast Guard, under special circumstances, can also serve the Department of Defense and the Department of the Navy. It embodies the motto Semper Paratus, which means Always Ready. History the history of the United States Coast Guard can be divided into two broad factions the early history, that is be fore the formal inception of the modern Coast Guard authority, and that of post-modern Coast Guard inception.The early history can be traced back to the 1970s. On the 4rth of August, 1970, the Tariff Act by the Congress authorized the construction of ten vessels, or cutters, with the enlisting of 100 revenue officers, to maintain US maritime laws in the waterways, coordinate the marine taxes and prevent smuggling. This improvement was known as the Revenue Cutter portion or the Revenue Marine. In 1915, when the Cutter Service was combined with the Life-Saving Service, the organization received the present name of the United States Coast Guard. At that point, it was the single service dealing with both the enforcement of law and the service of personal protection and life saving in the waterways. In 1939, President Franklin Roosevelt transferred the Lighthouse Service to the Coast Guard, so that now the Coast Guard had to carry out maritime navigation and the operation of the countr ys lighthouses along with its other jobs. But that

Econmics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Econmics - Essay ExampleThese days the term often makes us bring to sagaciousness Keynesian economics or shamanic bear rituals. However these animal spirits were neither of them animals nor spirits. Exactly how ought to we process them? In English, the term spirit refers to something from the Holy tinge to gin. In reality, this kind of ambiguity is present all through the romance languages, deriving from the Roman spiritus animales. With similar root as urge and run step forward (spiro which means I breathe) spiritus primarily means breath, after that breath of existence, hence also disposition, determination, and even ghost. In a similar fashion, the meanings of anima vary from inhale to essential theory and sensible soul. (Mlambiti, 2006, p. 82)Our animal spirits may be much better translated, then as life-carrying liquids or essential liquids. John Locke see all of them as fluid and subtle Matter, transferring through the Conduits of the Nerves. These were assumed to transfer data between sense organs, mind and muscle tissues.In pact with George A. Arkerlof and Robert J. Shiller (2009), Keynes looked at the animal spirits as the primary reason for exactly why the economic musical arrangement varies as it does and those animal spirits can be the primary factor for the involuntary joblessness. To fully grasp the economy thus is to have an understanding of how it is related to the animal spirits. In the same way, Adam smiths unseen hand is the keynote of the traditional economics, Keynes Animal Spirits ar the keynote to a completely different perspective of the financial system a perspective that describes the root instabilities of capitalism and also the various rates of financial growth within and between countries in the world. (Keynes, 1921, p. 333)As per Arkerlof and Shiller (2009), there are actually five distinct facets of animal spirits theory which have an effect on economic judgments. These are generally assurance, fairness, corruption and

Improving Transactional Processing in AIS with Internal Controls Essay

Improving Transactional Processing in AIS with Internal Controls - Essay ExampleTechnology enhances the ability to capture, analyze, and simulate financial data with ease. This translates to accruement of benefits, such(prenominal) as saving costs, elimination of redundancies, and streamlining of activities.The chief objective of IAS in all racks involves capturing and processing of data concerning business activities, storing and organizing data to aid in decision making, and providing controls, which preserve reliability of data and safeguarding of resources (Sajady, Dastgir & Nejad, 2008). The advancement of information technology has enabled companies to transform their accounting information systems into automated processes via use of computers, servers, and accounting software.Revenue cycle refers to recurring unbending of business activities and related information processing operations connected to the provision of goods and services to clients and collection of cash paym ents. The core AIS functions carried out in the revenue cycle include capturing and processing of data, storing and organization of the data for decision making, and provision of controls to safeguard resources (Hall, 2011). The four basic business activities prominent in the revenue cycle include sales order entry, shipping, billing, and cash collection.IT can improve efficiency and effectiveness by routing online orders expressly to the warehouses for picking and shipping. In addition, technological changes can be achieved via electronic data interchange (EDI), which links the company directly to clients and as well manage the customers inventory (Gelinas, Dull & Wheeler, 2012). A firm whitethorn also use email and instant messaging to notify sales staff of any price changes. Transaction technology such as question of sales systems (POS) can link customer master files to enable automatic updates to accounts receivable. In cash collections, the firm may adopt electronic funds

Rise of modern state in europe, under international relations Essay

Rise of modern state in europe, under international relations - Essay ExampleThese were the days of feudal system, wherein the royals were more indulged in employment wars and least attention was given to the poor and under-privileged class of the kingdom. In those times, the subjects of the monarchial kingdoms where less happy with their quality of life and yearned for the abolishment of unjust royal anarchy prevailed. During the eighteenth century, war broke out among various kings in European domains and all worked towards building of their own strong kingdoms. These fights also brought about a major miscellany in the ruling structure of the European domain. Gradually, the Austria Hungary monarchy also known as dual monarchy, soon reached to a compromising stage to gain a make out entity for each other. Apparently, during World War II the dual monarchy ceased to exist and a distinct Austrian imperium came in to power under the kingship of emperor Habsburg. During ulterior y ears, in the struggle to strengthen the Austrian Empire, the royals approached Hungary to negotiate for political stability. However, these times of royal ruling witnessed a long and hard suffering among much of the minorities existed in the country. Minorities in Austrian Empire The Austrian Kingdom during the 18th century faced numerous problems due to its wide territory and ethnic groups. According to(Propoganda,2007) The Austrian Empire consisted of five principal components The Hereditary lands, the Lands of the Hungarian Crown, the Lands of the Bohemian Crown, Galacia, Lombardy and Venetia in Italy. The Empire was ruled by Emperor Francis I. The Empire was difficult to manage because it was plumping and unwieldy, and it was difficult to treat each group fairly. Another problem was the problem of minorities. Metternich the rule of that time of Austria experienced many problems in administrating the kingdom and the problem with minorities was the intimately crucial concern of all. The successful administration of the kingdom was an aspect of major dilemma and controlling all ethnic groups were far from reality. In order to pass away a hold on the minority issues, the ruler Metternich introduced the concept of local diets to promote the idea of provincial institutions. Additionally, he also encouraged the ethnic minorities to company local traditions, ethnic activities, history, language and literature. However, he was completely strong against any bounceulation of localized government or liberalization of minorities. However, encouragement in cultural identity gave much confidence to various ethnic groups and their started considering themselves as separate from German groups. The ironical part is that this transition initialized by the ruler. Metternich gave way to a major realization among the ethnic towards the importance of their culture and history. Eventually, different minorities with diverse cultural identity and ethnical values came forward for their liberalization and political freedom to form their own strong foundation. Treatment of Minorities in Austrian Empire The Austrian empire has a large constitution of minorities and the German was the main language of these groups. The empire consisted of a sect called Czechoslovakian extremist too which was aiming for liberalization and integral freedom .When a new law was passed requiring that all civil servants in the Czech lands be bilingual after 1901, the Germans in the Vienna parliament forced out the ministry, while Czech extremists began to talk

Lost Treasures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Lost Treasures - Essay ExampleThe Mayan civilization is another group who would have been a great influence to much modern societies had their literature been available to us today. Mayans are believed to have been an outstanding group of people in Central America during the Spanish era of conquests. condescension having no skill or knowledge of the wheel or metal tools, they were able to build temples and pyramids. Artifacts also reveal a system of writing, mathematics and star divination which can be considered advanced for the Mayans during that time. The PopulVuh is a sample of Mayan literature. It is a book believed to have been used by the Mayans to answer questions regarding creation and the earth. Unfortunately, it is only one of lead Mayan books that is believed to exist and survive the test of time. Because of this, insight on the Mayans systems are hard to understand. Before the invention of the dawn of printing, literary pieces were handwritten. Ancient studies reveal t hat the other(a) work force used to depict their lives on cave walls, rocks or leaves. As such, these works of our ancestors risk being damaged or lost due to indispensable or man-made disasters. Other reasons for the loss may also be theft and the authors own doing. One example of this is the destruction of the depository library in Alexandria where it is believed, thousands upon thousands of ancient writings were destroyed. The city in Egypt was founded by Alexander the Great while the Museum or Royal Library of Alexandria was founded by Alexanders successor, Ptolomy II Soter in 283 BC. (Chesser)... Because of this, insight on the Mayans systems are hard to understand. Before the invention of the dawn of printing, literary pieces were handwritten. Ancient studies reveal that the early men used to depict their lives on cave walls, rocks or leaves. As such, these works of our ancestors risk being damaged or lost due to natural or man-made disasters. Other reasons for the loss may also be theft and the authors own doing. One example of this is the destruction of the library in Alexandria where it is believed, thousands upon thousands of ancient writings were destroyed. The city in Egypt was founded by Alexander the Great while the Museum or Royal Library of Alexandria was founded by Alexanders successor, Ptolomy II Soter in 283 BC. (Chesser) It is believed that the Royal Library of Alexandria contained literature from Assyria, Greece, Persia, Egypt, India and other places (Chesser) and so there is great disappointment and regret as to its destruction. Until today, unfortunately, there are just speculations base on existing literary works that refer to the library and the reason why it was destroyed. Historians refer to a few incidents in ancient times that may have caused the loss of literary work in Alexandria. One of these was a fire during the reign of Julius Ceasar. It is said that Ceasar had ordered a fire on the foeman Egyptian fleet at Alexandrias h arbor. Sadly, the part of the city where the Library was located accidentally got caught in the flames and burned down. Another reason was supposedly the diversity of the Library into a Christian Church during Theophilus reign of Alexandria. Moslem Caliph Omar was also blamed for the destruction of the Library when the Moslems conquered Alexandria in 640

The government of Costa Rica Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

The government of costa Rica - Research Paper ExampleThe paper tells that having gained its independence from Spain as part of the broader Central American independence movement in the former Kingdom of Guatemala, Costa Rica became a constituent province of the short-lived Federal body politic of Central America, or Central American Union. Following the Union dissolution in 1838, Costa Rica proclaimed itself as a sovereign nation infra Braulio Carrillo, who was ultimately removed from power in 1842 in 1847, Jose Maria Castro Madriz was appointed President of Costa Rica, who, during his premier term of office, formally declared Costa Rica an self-sufficient republic. The constitutional reform of 1848 attempted to establish basic civil rights and might be thought to have laid the foundations for a tradition of political backup man and civilian government despite having had some interludes of armed forces rule. Two significant periods of political turmoil had taken place since th e late 19th century, the first of which started with the 1917 military coup against Gonza Flores administration, led by General Tinoco Granados, whose rule failed to gain recognition from the United States and had eventually ended in 1919 under both remote and national pressure. The second one is considered the bloodiest event in the 20th-century Costa Rican history the civil war following a highly contentious presidential election in 1948, which lasted 44 days and caused some two thousand fatalities. The Costa Rican civil conflict led to several far-reaching effects, including the abolition of the regularly army, the foundation of one of the first welfare states in the region and the creation of a new constitution. (Meyer 1). The latter prohibited the maintenance of standing army except in case of external invasion, outlawed the communist and fascist parties, and provided for the creation of a Supreme Electoral Tribunal that would oversee the electoral process and have police po wer during elections the transaction to guarantee the nations security was assigned to a national police force called the Civil Guard (Watkins). Population and Society As of July 2011 estimates, Costa Ricas people totals 4576562 people, being comprised of four major ethnic groups as follows washrags, primarily of European (Spanish) descent, which, along with the mestizos, describe for 94 % of the total universe of discourse 3 % blacks, which are, for the most part, of Jamaican origin and the remainder 1 % Chinese and 1 % Amerindians respectively (CIA Encyclopedia of the Nations). Some 69 % of the Costa Ricans are in the 15 to 64 age group, 6.4 % are over 65 year-old and another 24.6 % are under 15 year-old (CIA). Those living in urban areas, according to 2010 data, account for 64 % of the total population (CIA), as compared to 48 % in 2001(Population Reference Bureau, cited in Encyclopedia of the Nations). The capital city, San Jose, has 1. 416 million inhabitants as of 2009 (CIA) other large cities with population over 100000 are Alajuela, Cartago and Puntarenas, as well as Limon and Heredia, with over 50000 inhabitants each (Encyclopedia of the Nations). The official language of Costa Rica is Spanish while position is mainly spoken among the middle class in some urban areas, and among descendants of Jamaican origin as well (Encyclopedia of the Nations). The major religions are papistic Catholic, which is the predominant one embracing over 76 % of the population, and Evangelical shared by 13.7% of the Costa Ricans along with 1.3% Jehovahs Witnesses, 0.7% other Protestants, and other phantasmal cults (CIA). In as much as the vast majority of Costa Ricas people belong to one and same ethnic group, namely the white one, which also includes people of mixed ancestry, the so-called whiteness would appear the factor that defines the Costa Ricas population as homogeneous this homogeneity, however, is further reinforced by the overwhelmingly common origin, hence

Energy drinks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Energy drinks - Es hypothecate ExampleThe difference between sports drinks and energy drinks lies in their contents. Sports drinks have energy cock-a-hoop elements in them while energy drinks have stimulants. These stimulants include caffeine and guarana, which can change the functioning of the human body. Johnson (2014, p.377) notes that both the sports and energy drinks have carbohydrates, amino acids, vitamins, sodium, proteins, and different minerals.Energy drinks and sports drinks are associated with a number of benefits. Sports are always associated with using a lot of energy so many sports people may deal a lot of energy drinks. When they are being promoted during marketing, their sellers say how good they are to consumers. Some say how these drinks can improve the performance of sportsmen. They also say that they can remove fatigue and increase concentration or keenness. Some sellers also claim these drinks can replace the electrolytes that are lost when a person is swea ting. Sports and energy drinks are usually sold mostly to the young people. The reason is that it is the youths who use them quite often. They use them a lot because they take part in many hard activities that require much energy. These drinks are used by different people in different ways. These energy drinks are made of sundry(a) components. The components are water, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals amino acids/ protein caffeine, guarana, electrolytes and other stimulants. Water helps in giving the body the hydration it requires to operate normally. When a person is active and is using a lot of energy, thermoregulation is change magnitude (Burrow 2013, p.141). He or she will need water to help in cooling and hydrating their bodies. Carbohydrates give energy to the consumers, but only if taken with other nutrients. Vitamins, minerals, amino acids/ and proteins are so good for the human body. Sports drinks and energy drinks are therefore, beneficial

Quality Issues in Qualitative Research Assignment

Quality Issues in Qualitative Research - Assignment ExampleTriangulation refers to determination of more than two different methods in question as a means of confirmation of results (Miller, 2012). It aims at increasing the validity and reliability of data in research. With regard to this particular research, it is important for the researcher to use a variety of individuals in answering the research questions. Also, it is important to carry out sequel interviews and observations in order to verify the results of the initial study.Transferability relates to the ability of a piece of research to be applicable to other fields with similar characteristics to that of the researcher. It is advisable to ensure transferability by stating central assumptions as well as suitable authoring the context of the project. (Miller, 2012) Fine Motor Skill Disability can be related to similar fields and the findings of the author can be used to delineate if technology may or may not be used in sai d fields.Trustworthiness in research is every(prenominal) about believability of all the information stated in the research project (Miller, 2012). This research involves the use of interviews and observation as means of data collection. These means are all first hand and cannot be verified by a third party therefore, it is the duty of the researcher to ensure that the interviews are carried out without bias, and are account exactly as they occurred. The researcher must not doctor results in order to suit his own personal

Elasticity of rubber Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Elasticity of rubber - Assignment ExampleRubber substances are not confined to native rubber, however. They take account of a great variety of synthetic polymers of comparable properties. An elastomer is considered as a polymer that shows evidence of rubber tensile properties, i.e. materials that ordure be mayhap stretched to a number of times its original length without breaking and which, upon release of the stress, instantaneously returns to their original lengths. A rubber is more or less an elastic material, since its deformation is instantaneous and it further shows almost no slither (Bjork, 1988). The distinctive nature of rubbers was ascertained by John Gough in 1305, and described his findings and experiments as shown in this subsequent paragraph. A person has to clasp one lay off of the slip of a rubber between the thumb and forefinger of each hand win the central point of the piece into slight contact with the lips further lengthen the slip swiftly and you will instan tly make out a looking of warmth in that section of the mouth that is in contact with stretched rubber. For this resin evidently grows warmer the further it is lengthened and the edges of the lips possess a higher layer of sensibility, which facilitates them to discover these changes with greater facility than other parts of the body. The augment in temperatures, which is recognized in the event of ext curiositying any pieces of Caoutchouc, may be obliterated in on the spot, by allowing the slip to contract again which it will do quickly by desirable quality of its own spring, as soft as the stretching forces cease to act as soon as it has been fully exerted. Gough made these comments regarding his second experiment In any case one end of a slip of Caoutchouc is fastened to a rod of wood or metal, and some weight is fixed (added) at the other extremity/end the thong will be seen to become longer with cold and shorter with combust (Mark, 1984). To make certain this concept, it is necessary for a self experimentation. One will just now need a strip of rubber, a weight and a hair-dryer. Gough presented no better explanations to the unexpected findings, such as that the expected stiffness increments with rising temperatures and that heat is progressive throughout stretching duration. It took approximately fifty years prior to the formulation of thermodynamics of the rubber elasticity. Rubbers exhibit predominantly entropy-driven elasticity through measurements of force and warning length at varied temperature levels. Thermo-elastic effects of rubber shows that stretched rubber samples which are subjected to constant uniaxial load contract reversibly on heating, and the same sample can give out heat reversibly if stretched. These two observable concepts are true and consistent with the view that the entropy of the rubber decreased on stretching. molecular picture of the entropic forces is dated back to the theoretical work of 1930s, when it was suggested that the covalently bonded polymer chains had been oriented during extension (Gumbrell, Rivlin, &, Mullins, 1953, p. 1495). Methods and procedures This study involved an investigation in the thermo-elastic behaviors and thermodynamics, with regards to the energetic and entropic elastic forces. At minimum strains, characteristically less than ? = L L 0 1.1 (where L and L0 are the dimensions of the unstressed and stressed specimens, respectively), the stress at

Outline marketing plan for the next year for Atlantic Quench 02133 Essay

Outline marketing plan for the next year for Atlantic Quench 02133 - Essay ExampleWith the changing demography, the level of health consciousness has paved the way for new flavoured beverages. The beverage industry has kept on change magnitude in respect to the number of players and the target market. The demographic change has led the beverage industry to introduce new products. The aging population in US and other economies have forced companies to continuously innovate their marketing activities vis-a-vis product, price, place, promotion and communication.Atlantic Quench Cranberries Inc is US based company that produces succus and non juice products for more than 80 years. It is an agricultural supportive, which is owned by 46 grapefruit and 630 cranberry farmers. It has the largest market share in the fruit juice industry in US. It non only sells juice and non juice products in the US market, but it has also extended its operations in UK. Under juice product, it mainly sells un der the grease name juice max, grab n go, cranberry original juice, etc and under non juice products it sells as new conserve, cranberry sauces, etc.The political situation of Europe is a really stable one. It follows a democratically elected system of government (Market Line., 2013). The political system of UK is embedded in its deep system of political stability that is apt(p) by the democratically elected government. After the world wars the UK has grown considerably over the years followed by a stable political system. For Atlantic slop this is a good sign as it provides a favourable investment climate for the company.Per capita GDP of the UK is high and the investment climate of UK is favourable. However in the modern years the country is suffering from high debt and fiscal deficit. There was negative GDP growth in the year 2009 that would result in the not-purchasing of any this that the consumers did not consider essential (West, Ford and Ibrahim, 2015). UK has also witn essed high rates

The Two( Gloria Naylor) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Two( Gloria Naylor) - Essay ExampleSuch perceptions of relationships between women may harm the traditionalistic gender role of a woman in a society or it may harm the status of relationship between the women. The story revolves nearly the main characters of Lorraine and Theresa, who just moved in Brewster Place. Soon, the other people in the community discover their intimate relationship with each other which results in majority violence. Their relationship turns a new dimension when Lorraine is brutally raped by the some men from the community. Under this sudden trauma, she kills Ben, who protected the two women from the other men.Sophie plays a key role in igniting the flame of violence and spreading the rumors about the two women in the community. The entire story revolves around the intolerance developed by the society against these women and particularly about the sensitive subject of homosexuality. Some cultures take it as normal but it is not the case in American socie ty. gayness is considered as a Taboo in major parts of America. The chapter clearly represents the mental approach of people and their hostile attitude towards the women which nullifies the concept of freedom in a

Improving Health Care Facilities Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Improving Health Care Facilities - Term Paper ExampleIn some cases, patients compensable other people to queue on their behalf as they waited for their long-awaited turn to see a doctor. Later on when my turn came, I realized that the long queues were as a result of mismanagement and disorganization at the reception desk. The facility is still using manual filling and patient allocation system to the applicable doctors. This made the attendants at the reception look exhausted hence disinterested in what was happening. The communication channel in the facility can well be described as inefficient. The receptionist shouted the patient spend a penny when their turn came to be attended. Other than triggering noise making in the facility hallway, it ca wontd confusion as everyone seek to enquire the owner of the name. In response to such situations, telecommunication application in this facility can best improve their services for instance, installation of microphone communicators. Th e communicator effectively ensures that the information passed by the reception attendant systematically flows to all hallways in the facility. Consequently, its application ensures organization at the reception since each individual hears their name from wherever they are without much struggle. In effort to reduce the queues, the health facility needs to appreciate the advancement of technology such as the use of computers. Other than reducing the workload at the reception, it organizes the facilitys entropy in such a manner that each patients data appears by the click of a button (Russell, 1927) . Moreover, most facilities now utilize the resources offered by the digital advancements hence offering better services to the respective clients (Julie, milling machine & Horowitz, 2010). On the other hand, application of certain frameworks with the intent of improving the facilitys processes best achieves the improvement objective (Teicholz & Ikeda, 1995).However, focusing on the manag ement of the nurture Technology department (IT), the frameworks call for critical assessment first. As a recommendation, the management can start with adoption of technological advancement to increase the efficacy of their departments services.

Dialectic Behavior Therapy Paper Essay Example for Free

Dialectic Behavior Therapy Paper EssayThis account will review the article Mechanisms of switch in dialectical behavior therapy Theoretical and empirical observations. This paper will summarize the theoretical and empirical observations that indicate wherefore DBT is successful in treating lymph glands with minimum personality disorder. This paper will discuss the specific panoramas of how dialectical behavior therapy is used. Dialectical behavior therapy is the recommended treatment for lymph nodes diagnosed with borderline personality disorder based on several evidence based successful studies. These studies found that dialectical behavior therapy has reduced client depression and harmful behavior by combining toleration and mixture techniques. There therapist looks to transform a clients behavior by supplying the client with a hypothesis for their problem. Clients with dialectical behavior therapy in a experience arrested poor coping techniques in response to not kn owing how to regulate their emotions. It is a goal of dialectical behavior therapy to reduce the clients emotional dysregulation by helping the client learn how to control their emotions and changing their behaviors (Lynch Chapman, 2006). The philosophy behind dialectical behavior therapy is that you must look at the whole client system to figure out the clients reality because each part of the clients system is interrelated. Each aspect of a clients life can affect their emotions and behaviors.Dialectical behavior therapy is based on a biosocial theory that looks at the clients peasanthood environment that could have led them to be emotional susceptible as a child causing emotional dysregulation as an adult. A clients inner personality as a child of being emotionally sensitive was refuted by adults in their life through punishing the child in forms of abusive behaviors. Growing up these clients atomic number 18 in a feedback loop cause there emotional dysregulation to continue ( Lynch Chapman, 2006). It is important for the therapist to bring in an environment where the clients feelings are validated. Therapists help clients be mindful of their current emotions without trying to change it. Clients learn to be mindful of their beliefs, their logic and what emotions are real to them in that present moment. During treatment the therapist helps the client learn to communicate what is truly experienced by the client and for the client to be apprised aware of what to do. The client learns that they have control over how they process the situation.The client then applies rational thoughts and emotional regulation to the situation to achieve a sense of harmony. The client then learns not to resort to previous feedback loops. The client is encouraged to experience and accept their emotion fully without any attempts to regulate it. Clients therefore learn to stop the pattern of trying to control their affect (Lynch Chapman, 2006). Being mindful can stop feedback loops and change how a client responds to an emotional situation. Therapists help clients chance on and challenge their belief systems that focuses on a rule where people must behave a certain way when faced with certain event. Clients are taught in dialectic behavioral therapy to focus their attention on what is happening instead of how the situation makes them feel. It is important for therapist to validate clients feelings and efforts towards change. Validation allows client to increase their self-confidence in their ability to self-regulate.This unconditional positive regard by the therapist helps clients learn how their history has affected their current behavior through emotional dysregulation and why dysfunctional behavior patterns are preventing them from having healthy relationships. The therapist then trains the client in healthy relationship skills and reinforces the clients use of the new skills (Lynch Chapman, 2006). This paper reviewed the article Mechanisms of chan ge in dialectical behavior therapy Theoretical and empirical observations. This paper summarized the theoretical and empirical observations that indicate why DBT is successful in treating clients with borderline personality disorder. This paper discussed the specific aspects of how dialectical behavior therapy is used.ReferencesLynch, T., Chapman, A. et al (2006). Mechanisms of change in dialectical behavior therapy Theoretical and empirical observations. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62(4), 459-480. http//library.gcu.edu2048/login?url=http//search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=aphAN=19901233loginpage=Login.asp settle=ehost-livescope=site

Deities and Lesser Spirits Essay Example for Free

Deities and Lesser Spirits EssayDeities and Lesser Spirits divinity fudges represent in mythology possess unalike characteristics. Lesser gods or deities may have ultimate designer, finitude, good, or evil tied to the stories that tell about their lives and existence. The purpose of this paper is to pose the terms ultimate power, finitude, good and evil and identify four mythological deities that personify these terms.Apollo, who is also referred to as Apollon, was a Greek Olympian god. His mother was Leto, a bride of Zeus. Apollo was a god of prophecy, healing, disease and plague, music, song and poetry, archery and he protected young life. He had ultimate power as a god. Ultimate power is specify as Gods argon considered immortal and in control of lesser life forms (Theoi Greek Mythology, 2000-2007). Apollo had invented the flute and the lyre. Suprisingly, he had built the walls of Troy while simply playing the lyre. The Theoi Greek Mythology (2000-2007) stated, Apollo g uarded the cattle of Laomedon in the valleys of Ida. In these two examples, it appears he in fact was the god of music, song and protection of young life.Finitude manner world finite. Therefore, a god that personifies finitude is one and only(a) whom only existed for a limited time (Language of Light Glossary, n.d.). The god that was chosen that represents finitude is Christ. Christ represented God during his tenure on earth and all the finite limitations that humans, created by God, face. Life with its choices puts a black or white finish on an individuals lesson standing. Death representing the end of the opportunity to make those choices was experienced by Christ himself. Christ while interacting with both the Jews and Gentiles admonished individuals for a variety of sins and life styles that were uncharacteristic of a godly life. Measures were not applied to actions (i.e. tithing) but standards were applied to acts (the act of giving). The life Christ lived provided an examp le of finiteness people live with during their short lives but the quit as seen through Christs resurrection is infinite life in the realm of heaven.The definition of good as it relates to the gods is sometimes hard to define. Good is defined as having sought qualities, kind, merciful, highmorale values, religious, successful, fair to mention a few. With regard to the gods, a good god represented the positive, non-evil powers. Having a bountiful harvest, producing many children, finding love, and being successful in business could be tied to a god protecting the people. Although when researching good gods there seemed to be a shortage as compared to the gods associated with power or evil.A god that represented good was the Aztec god Quetzalcoatl, who was one of many gods in the Aztec belief system. Quetzalcoatl is reported to have given man the cognition of agriculture and writing as well as being the god of the morning and evening star and the wind. Quetzalcoatl was considered a hero among those who worshiped him and he fought with other gods for what he thought was right.Evil is defined by one source as morally bad or wrong (WordNet Search, n.d.). An evil deity is therefore, one whose actions are morally wrong. An example of a deity that personifies evil is the worry. The Devil is a deity in Christianity that is described as a fallen angel who rebelled against God. The Devil best represents the term evil because of his hatred for humanity and all things created by God. According to Bible stories, throughout the history of mankind, the Devil has tempted humans to rebel against God and follow him. To achieve that end, the Devil is tell to tell to tell lies and intentionally deceive people. The Devil promotes of deceit, sin, and other morally wrong behaviors. In fact, the devil is said to be the cause of original sin, which is the reason for the Apocalypse, or the second coming of Christ. The Devil rewards those who turn against God with eternity in Hell.In conclusion, the gods of mythology possess different characteristics. The story of Apollo is example of a god with ultimate power as he had healing power and could protect young life. Quetzalcoatl shows us good as he was considered a hero and worshiped for fighting for what was right. Christ represented God during his tenure on earth and all the finite limitations that humans face, such as death. The Devil is the ultimate example of evil as he intentionally deceives and promotes deceit, sin, and other morallywrong behaviors. Stories tell about the existence and lives of deities and lesser gods and from those stories, one must decide which powers they possessed.ReferencesDavies, N. (1973). The Aztecs. Norman, Oklahoma, University ofOklahoma PressLanguage of Light Glossary. (N.D.). Retrieved November 4, 2007 from http//www.goddirect.org/glossary/f.htmTheoi Greek Mythology. (2000-2007). Apollon. Retrieved November 2, 2007, from http//www.theoi.com/WordNet Search. (n.d.). WordNet Search . Retrieved November 1, 2007, from http//wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=evilsub=Search+WordNeto2=o0=1o7=o5=o1=1o6=o4=o3=h

The vulnerable stage Essay Example for Free

The vulnerable stage EssayConsidering that young adults in the developmental stage is considered by Kolberg to be in spiritual rebirth from train I to II, and that it is in this stage skills in consensus and brotherly communication is in a rapid stage of development. Conceptual of relative fond orders either accept or rejecting conventions is becoming app bent. True there is level III which is abstraction and definition of universal principles such justice and ability to identify possible friendly changes, this may or may not occur. There may be a rejection merely without an appropriate abstract conceptualization appropriate to the level and conflicts are not thoroughly processed. In effect we can see a cross road in a young adults social path or gaining of experiences. One path leads to the social integration along the moral stages as described by Kolberg and a path of rejection and thereof dementia from the social mainstream. Deciding to do something as drastic as suici de is not only due to alienation which is the first risk situation but could be reinforce by experiencing someone close committing suicide or what could be a manifestation of Banduras mildewing.We take line of merchandise that if two situations have could result to greater alienation, e. g. losing someone means minus one in the primary grouping to which an individual belong, which could result to greater alienation. There is also posting such as history of mental illness which could be taken as indicator of a possible high risk but nonetheless, toughened primary group support could make the recovery less painful, lesser stigma.The nature of primary groups of adolescent also shows some strain, family values or social perspectives also changes and peers as it suggest were also adolescents with their characteristic grappling for their own sense of inner and social order into which they could model their life. The youth is a transition stage, of differentiation to individual inclin ations and most important they could be open to ideas which may be far out or improper at their level of mental and emotional maturity.The Internet explodes in constitution and opened up access even to the young but without supervision or social processing involving the previous generation. then the youth are exposed to for example, pornography, violence and other beliefs and concepts which may not be appropriate to capacity of the youth to process in their own. We take note that ratiocinative amplifiers of aids to thinking included ideas, beliefs, concepts or ways which are open for experimentation by the youth.In such an open knowledge societies, the model or reference groups are necessarily fluid. It could be argued that attaining stage 4 of level II in Kolbergs moral stages model may tone up the individual enough as stage 3 of living according to certain ideals or consensus requires certain level of intellectual and emotional maturity hence a higher level of abstract conceptu alization and possibly greater appreciation and usage of the amplifiers to become a more productive individual.But throwback is possible especially in extreme social cases and exacerbated by the lack of support system. What is clear at this time is there are social factors which prevents formation of risk situations and there are factors which encourages self annihilation.

Importance of the Great Exhibition of 1851

Importance of the Great expo of 1851Provide some details of the Great exhibition of 1851, and say wherefore it was so important.The Great Exhibition of 1851 was the worlds first world exposition. The Great Exhibition of 1851 was an international exhibition that took place in Hyde Park, London. The 1851 was means the years and The Great Exhibition of 1851 was from 1 May to 11 October 1851. The Great Exhibition of 1851 was mainly focus on the worlds cultural and industrial technology. In The Great Exhibition 1851, Britain wanted to tell all of the public, the success of the achievement after The Industrial Revolution, and that were to become a prevalent 19th-century feature. The Great Exhibition was enormously influential on the development of many aspects of society including art and construct education, international trade and relations, and even tourism.The Great Exhibition 1851 was organized by Henry Cole and Prince Albert, conserve of the reigning monarch, Queen Victoria. Th e aim of this activities was to celebrate the new trend of modern industrial technology and design. Maybe ascribable to the Prince and the Queens aides very impetuous to promote this fair can be profitable, finally persuaded the British government on January 3, 1850 Royal Commission was set up to organized the expounding 1851, because greatly enhance the feasibility of the plan, and this committee Britain was included most prestigious engineers Isambard Kingdom Brunel.The quartz glass rook was very important for the Great Exhibition of 1851. Joseph Paxtons design is inspired by the Amazon water lily Victoria, found the water lily can support huge leaves, when Joseph Paxton checking underneath, there argon radiation-like elongated blade support ribs gravid to obtain a design inspired, and application in architecture.Joseph Paxtons plan for the garden, fountains, terraces, small waterfalls and other skills was very good, in this Crystal Palace have many elmwood was planted, ac reage approximately nine acres. The Crystal Palace as well as has a lot of small fountains and waterfalls, the highest up to 250 feet height, initial water tower construction as load-bearing problems and collapse, after deliberations , the two powerful towers, is divided into triad reservoirs, namely the north and the south end of the place, as well as the central single out of the garden, to spread the weight. The main idea is to find the power structure, durability, simplicity and speed.Firstly, The Crystal Palace was a famous construction in the Great Exhibition of 1851, The Crystal Palace was made by crusade and glass. The mental synthesis used the area of nine hundred thousand self-coloured feet, the equivalent of eighty-four thousand square meters of glass or eight half-standard football field. Included the iron prop have three thousand three hundred, Iron beams two thousand three hundred and covers seventy-four thousand square meters, width and length are about 408 feet , 1851 feet equivalent to 125 meters, 564 meters, has around 3-story building. This is a very extensive building in 19th-century.Secondly, This design and building were very fashionable and originality on 19th-century. SinceIt is an important symbol of the Industrial Revolution, it was originally pavilion for the first time in 1851 area Expo held in London, the official name of this Worlds Fair Exposition of Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of all Nations. In tail fin months, from May to October 1851, six million visitors throng the gigantic trade show, marveling over the latest technology as well as displays of artifacts from around the world. Until to 1936, the Great Exhibition had previously attracted numerous various social classes of tourists come to visit.Thirdly, World Expo visit year only six months, the building was supposed to be disposed. simply but the final decision was made to subvert by parliament, Within two years, meet again by Queen Victoria opening or dinance this was semipermanent exhibition, for London, especially the addition of the two railway stations. this is one of the still running Crystal Palace railway station now, another station is the entry to the parade area, today all of the passengers can still see its Italian style mosaic roof.Finally, Among the exhibits, almost every nices generation remaining are surprising for the visitors, there are included pottery, porcelain field, iron factories, steam hammer, hydraulic, perfume, pianos, dramatic arts, diving gear, guns, barometers, Textiles and fireworks etc.On the other hand, The Crystal Palace was have a lot other problems to affect contemporary design and develop the building.Firstly, in the items of the materials, the traditional earth, wood, brick, stone was replaced by iron and glass. Although is not of the first to used iron as a building material, however, used the iron prefabricated frame was unprecedented. Its effects open to suspicion since it is a unpreced ented case, they can not have a successful case to support they when they are develop the building.Secondly, in terms of construction, traditional brick and stone stack technology is rivet, sleeve and screw fittings, fasteners replaced as the house as a machine to install. It is an unsafe practice as the Crystal Palace has around 3-story building and mainly items of the materials were a iron and glass, the Crystal Palace have a lot of visitors to visit, so the structure of the building must be very safety.Finally, In November 1936 the Crystal Palace was tragically destroyed in a spectacular fire. the Crystal Palace was made by iron and glass which are building materials. When the light from the sun is direct exposure on the Crystal Palace, it result initiate a fire and the iron is not to receive a high temperature, it is easy to become deformed. The result is the fire will spread so fast.However, Royal Exhibition Building in Melbourne, Australia Expo again inherited the London Crys tal Palace style. The difference is mainly due to Crystal Palace is not a permanent building, the main materials were iron and glass, all set up was for the convenience and short-term used, was not a long-term used and was not a one of the Exhibition Building.World Expo and a number of cities in Europe after several decades of years, many of the pavilion type buildings are modeled on glass frame structure by Crystal Palace. Royal Exhibition Building is a permanent building with solid walls and roof. Until today, the Royal Exhibition Building is still standing in the Riccarton Park Melbourne. A hundred years ago, making it increasingly fascinating Victorians elegance. In all of the buildings in Melbourne, its influence comparable to stabilizer. In June 2004, Royal Exhibition Building was included in the World Heritage appoint of the United Nations, Australia has become the only ranked as the worlds cultural heritage buildings.The Crystal Palace in London had only provided a venue fo r the Expo exhibits show, but has become the first World Expo of the most successful works and exhibits, it not only witnessed to the infinite glory of the Victorian era has also become a symbol of the world exposition. Today, the modern city building is very fast, however, if we can careful to inquiry, we can observe many of todays building materials and methods are within from the impact of the Crystal Palace, Although The Crystal Palace was a historical buildings, yet in a different form changing Joseph Paxtons creative ideas. In this sense, the Crystal Palace is still alive in our side, and will long continue.

Psychology Essays Down Syndrome Child and AAC

Psychology Essays stilt Syndrome Child and AACDown Syndrome Child and (AAC) Augmentative or Alternative Communication SystemDoesthe Down syndrome youngster, getting the ability to communicate usingaugmentative or alternative parley (AAC) System, line a similar development data track as that of typical speech communication development?The Down syndrome child, bydefinition, is different from new(prenominal)s. therefore, more(prenominal)(prenominal) than likely he or she result experience some level of mental retardation and physical disability.Physical disability bear include health, immunity, and physical problems whichaffect the sight, the hearing and dialect. This would c either for that most childrenborn with Down syndrome have limited intelligence, limited physical ability,and, similar to the deaf child, because of hearing deficits, will have delaysin lyric development. Language development and auditive function have beenlinked in numerous studies. Where in the d eaf child intellectual function isnot an issue, it should be noted that in most deaf individuals, languageimpairment continues end-to-end life although the ability to communicate can beaugmented through other means such as hearing aids, sign language, and thelike.Language delay would beprognosticated in intellectually and/or auditorily impaired children frombirth. In the child with Down syndrome, given the additional physical problemsincluding impaired motor skills affecting articulation, a language delay, to agreater extent, would be both(prenominal) implied and expected. The question as to whether,with the use of augmentative or alternative communication (AAC) the child thenfollows the path of typical language development, albeit retarded or delayed.In the topic entitled Languageand Communication Characteristics of Children with Down Syndrome, (Miller,J in Pueschel. S.m. et al., p. 224) a collaboration of views that include thedelay which involves the necessity in language for cognitive development, anddeficit which involves the additional characteristics needed for languagedevelopment, is needed. That collaboration with the inclusion body of otherenvironmental factors that can affect verbal skills and language comprehension.In fact, this study places more emphasis on the environmental factors thaneither delay or enhance language development in the delayed or deficit child.Given that all factors areinterchangeable in studies, i.e. level of deficiency or delay and environmentaland hearty factors, it can also be surmised that a child with variations ofthese combinations, would find his/her world enhanced with the ability tocommunicate. Studies using AAC with Down syndrome children generally speakingshow better communication skills which would lead to better environmentalfactors base on at least less frustration in tender situations.Foreman and Crews (1998, p. 1)define AAC as to commonly refer to mechanical and electronic systems utilisewith cerebral pa lsy and physical disability but include sign language as usedwith the deaf. This article also refers to the language system developed byMargaret Walker Makaton. The system was developed as a support tocommunication development in adults. This method, now used in over 40countries, combines the use of signing and speaking. Also mentioned in thisarticle is the use of picture communication that selects no reading skills butrather use pictographs to convey information. Both methods have been shown to have optimistic results for the child on with concerns of stigma and difficultlyfor either the child or the family to learn the AAC. mend these concerns havebeen voiced, on the other hand, better communication skills have cut downsignificantly on behavioral outbursts due to the inability to communicate.The studies also indicate thatlearning basic signs for no, help and the like empower the child. Thisempowerment would intimate enhanced environmental factors as a consequent tobetter soci al skills. But further, as Foreman and Crews study shows (1998, p.6)The ability to name objects is of greatuse to young children with a limited capacity to communicate (Grove Walker, 1990). Most of the frustration experience by young children withcommunication difficulties is limited by the ability to name a desired toy,food or activity. art object this study taughtchildren naming skills through four methods fv communication, it concludes thatthe multimodal method of instruction is an effective way of encouragingchildren with Down syndrome (1998, p. 7) and signing may carry most weightamongst the various modalities.another(prenominal) rate to be discussedis to the question as to whether children with Down syndrome have a pattern oflanguage development that is distinct or different from the typical. Studiesconducted by Harris (1983, pp. 153ff) and Coggins (1979, pp166ff) determinedthat children approximately trey years old or younger, whether regulation or Downsyndrome develop app roximately the same. It is with older children where normalchildren acquire more advanced language skills (Coggins, 1979). Harris studysuggested that were different language strategies were used both groups, normaland Down, progressed in age.Miller points out that apreference for gestural expression over verbal expression among children withDown syndrome by educators, parents, and speech-language pathologists (Miller,p. 6) has been noted. This makes sense, as confirmed by many researchersintelligibility of speech is a major factor in Down syndrome. This inability toproduce intelligible speech is attributable to physical problems mentionedabove, to include the muscular structure of the jaw, and often-reported oversizedtongue. This would go along with where studies indicate the normal child andthe Down syndrome child split from each other in language development. Themuscular development coupled with normally developing cognitive skills allowthe normal child to interact and communicate by the age of 5 or 6 whereas Downsyndrome children remain unintelligible.Additional to physicaldisability is the deficit in understanding concepts and Byzantine ideas. AsMiller points out, ideas relating to time and space, family relationships, causality(Miller, p. 8) are difficult to impossible for the child with Down syndrome tounderstand. It is in this area that the factors involving the physical,cognitive and environment can be linked to where the Down syndrome childsdevelopment and language skills grant a ceiling.From research conducted, itcan be safely assumed that children with Down syndrome stop developing aroundthe age normal children are able to understand the above-mentioned ideas andconcepts. This inability, retarding cognition, will then as a consequenceretard ability to communicate at a complex level of thinking as do normallydeveloping children and adults. This would indicate that, despite the currentAAC available, at some point language development would not cont inue on thesame path as in the typical. An important variable however, is environment, inthe determination of just how furthermost this child can develop.Since gesture was noted to bepreferred in this group, studies noted in the article by John Clibbens, pointsto arguments such as those of Remington and Clark (1996) that signingfacilitates interactions and thus speech development and those carried out byMiller (1992) and Launonen (1996) both of which point to advantages in signingand greater advancement in vocabulary among subjects during an importantdevelopmental period (Clibbens, p. 2). Launonens follow up study in 1998found that there was clam up significant difference in social and linguisticskills between the two groups. Both of these authors emphasize signing asbeneficial both in the short and long term.Interesting to point out thatstrategies used by deaf mothers were looked at for research purposes. Clibbens,Powell and Grove (1997) note that signing is preferred as it is a naturallanguage system that does not require special equipment among other reasons.One of the major argumentsagainst signing is that it does not encourage children to speak. Yet othershave noted that as the child rebels (to some extent as does the normal child)that speech overtakes use of gesture to communicate.It would seem that empowermentis an important factor in all people and this would not exclude the child withDown syndrome. Empowerment implies self-esteem. This comes out of socialinteraction that has positive feedback. When a child is able to find a way tobetter communicate with his environment and have his needs met, he is morelikely to want to learn, on some level, and to do more of the same. The generalfeedback in studies reviewed show that use of AA is generally positive for allparticipants. Empowerment and self-esteem, has been shown in studires of allsorts to enhance the life generally and leads to success in relationships.Success in relationship again, has been shown in numerous studies to be as theresult of good ommunication. Communication, as proven by these studies iseffective both verbally and nonverbally as through signing with thispopulation.There have been many thingssaid about the Down syndrome child that have not been included in studies.These things could be considered beyond the typical. Down syndrome childrenhave been noted to be openly loving and naively devoted because of theirchildlike nature. More and more opportunities are opening up for these childrento include roles on television. More exposure with less stigmatism, furtherempower the Down syndrome child as well as others with physical, mental andcognitive disiabilties. Events such as the Special Olympics, develop thephysical where before these chidren were coddled and hidden. This furthers theempowerment and self-esteem of the Down syndrome individual and encourages himor her to further develop language skills.Any method that furthers thechances of a disabled child such as o ne with Down syndrom to benefit from inclusionin events and circles of others in society moves benefit and furtherdevelopment in all areas of growth. AAC includes a growing number of methodswhereby the ability to communicate can be enhanced. Thus, what was previouislydescribed as impossible or atypical for a child born with Down syndrome nolonger applies.In conclusion, the child whohas learned one mode or a combination of modes of augmentative or alternativecommunication (AAC) System, follow a similar development path as that oftypical language development to a point. The factors that must be considered inevaluating this question are cognitive in that the intellectual ability toconprehend complex ideas will be retarded or impaired and reach a ceiling.Compared to the norm, where, at a similar developmental point, the typicalprogresses.Further, beyond the cognitiveand intellectual factors, there are the physical factors that impedeintelligibility. This is based on physical deformity and which contribute todelays which further impede ability to communicate. This separates languageability related to muscle development and jaw structure from the typical at thephysical level.AAC techniques cannot yetbring language development to the level of the typical or the norm, yet theycan increase vocabulary, extend communication skills, beyond what is now thenorm for the Down syndrome child. This enhancement helps the child developother social skills that bring the environment closer to him or her and others,While researchers in AAC techniquesrealize the factors that inhibit or enhance their studies involve the type ofmodality or combination thereof along with social factors level of deficiency,and the environmental factors that contribute greatly to the better functioningof children with Down syndrome. Because the stigma of retardation anddisability has lessened over the years, more opportunities are available toenhance learning and social skills. Sports events such as the above-mentionedSpecial Olympics allow a Down syndrome child to experience physical strengthand the sense of competition which build on self-esteem and emotional balance.More and more acceptance of such children has come about in the communityleading to support groups, respite, and more understanding of what is availableand what works.The capacity and capability ofthese children, studies and personal experience show, has been underrated. Acouple of generations ago, these children were not expected to survivechildhood. While they have shown mental deficiencies, their emotional abilitiesto give and receive are not deficient by the reports of many. More and more,these children are participating in regular schools, grow up to do work thathas subject matter to them and are able to maintain independent living skills. Manyare developing talents such as singing, acting, music which also can beconsidered skill enhancing providing further means of communication andlanguage development.The ans wer is to the questionDoes the Down Syndrome child, acquiring the ability to communicate usingaugmentative or alternative communication (AAC) System, follow a similardevelopment path as that of typical language development, is yes and no. Nobecause the child born with Down syndrome will develop at all levels atypicallyand this would include language development. However, as stated belowProviding the best strategies for communication for a child with anintellectual disability is an enormously complex task. Augmentative proceduresare not the complete solution to the communication problems of these children.However, by a slow process of trial and assessment of these procedures, smallgains can be achieved in the eventual construction of a system that allowschildren to communicate more effectively. The serviceable benefits of theseprocedures for children with Down syndrome (and all children with intellectualdisabilities) are of great importance to the improvement of their lifeopportunit ies. (Foreman, p. 8)Improvement of live andopportunity has been the result of, at least in part, augmentative procedures.ReferencesCoggins. T. E. (1979). Relational meaning encoded in thetwo-word utterances of stage 1 Downs syndrome children. Journal of Speechand Hearing Research, 22, 166-178.Clibbens, J. (2001). Signing and lexical development inchildren with Down syndrome. Down Syndrome Research and Practice 7(3),101-105.Clibbens, J. Powell, G.G. Grove, N. (1997). Manualsigning and AAC Issues for research and practice. Communication Matters,11 (2), 17-18.Foreman, P., Crews, G. (1998). employ augmentativecommunication with infants and young children with Down syndrome. Down SyndromeResearch and Practice Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 16-25. NSW, Australia, University ofNewcastle.Harris, J. (1983). What does mean length of utterance mean?Evidence from a comparative study of normal and Downs syndrome Children. BritishJournal of Disorders of communication, 18, 153-169.Launonen, K. (1996). Enhan cing communication skills ofchildren with Down syndrome Early use of manual signs. In S. von Tetzchner M. H. Jensen (Eds.), Augmentative and Alternative CommunicationEuropean Perspectives. London Wherr.Launonen, K. (1998). Early manual sign interventionEight-year follow up of children with Down syndrome. In Proceedings of theISAAC 98 Conference. Dublin ISAAC/Ashfield Publications.Miller, J.F. (1992). Development of speech and language inchildren with Down syndrome. In I.T. Lott E.E. McCoy (Eds.) DownSyndrome Advances in medical care. Chichester Wiley.Pueschel, Siegfried M., Tingey, Carol, Rynders, J. E.,Crocker, A. C. Crutcher, D. M. (Eds.) (1987). New perspectives on Downsyndrome. Baltimore, MD Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co. ISBN 0933716699Congresses Chapter 9, 233-62.

Similarities Between Iranian And Malaysian Culture Religion Essay

Similarities Between Iranian And Malaysian Culture Religion EssayIn this document some similarities surrounded by Iranian and Malaysian culture stick been illustrated. Since both Iran and Malaysia ar Muslim countries, there are many similarities surrounded by Iranian and Malaysian culture.For example I start with the Malaysian and Iranian universities. All of the universities in Iran are Islamic universities while there are a few none Islamic universities in Malaysia. There is a mosque in all Iranian universities which is located at the union of the university. Recently Iranian Islamic judicature has decided to separate males and females in the universities in which some universities only register males and separate universities only register females. I dont think separating males and females in the university be a good idea because in this situation boys and girls wont be able to see separately other and choose their future partner further in Malaysian universities boys and girls live the prospect to make friend to each other and select their future partner.There are 3 different type of mosques in Malaysia namely Vernacular Mosques, colonial Mosques, Modern Mosques. The third model is very similar to Iranian mosques and the following is a brief description of Modern Mosques in MalaysiaMany local architects were twisting in the design of new mosques in Malaysia since independence. The architectural styles of the redbrick mosques have changed gradually in parallel with the development in structural advances, construction methods, present-day(a) designs of mosques as well as change magnitude local interests toward Islamic architecture. With the advent of science and technology, modern mosques are constructed in a wallopingr scale to become the increasing number of Friday congregations. Concrete, bricks, steel, stone and marble are putting greenly used in the construction of modern mosques. Onion-shaped or top-shaped domes, tall minarets and hig h ceilings are common features found in the modern mosques. The modern mosques usually incorporate well-designed landscape elements including externalisets, water features, patterned pavements, garden lightings and signages.The Putra Mosque in the early morningThe architectural styles of the modern mosque can be classified into two categories. The first category is the modern styles which emphasise the advancement in building technology and engineering. For example, the National Mosque in Kuala Lumpur has a minaret of 245 feet in height and an umbrella-like roof. The mosque was constructed of reinforced concrete faced with Italian marble. Its main prayer hall can accommodate more than 3,000 people for prayer at one time whilst its surrounding galleries, topped with numerous small domes, can hold an additional of 5,000 people. The mosque also has a number of rooms used for variant functions such as a library, offices, royal guest rooms, Imams room and store rooms.The second categor y of modern mosque is the Islamic becharms which incorporate the styles of many mosques found in Islamic countries including Turkey, the Middle East and northerly Africa. For instance, the design and colour of the Sultan Abdul Aziz Mosque in Shah Alam, Selangor was reflective of the in famous Ottoman mosque in Istanbul, Turkey. The mosque has four high minarets at the four corners of the building surrounded by well-kept landscape. Another example is the white-colour Ibai Mosque at Kuala Terengganu which was built on water and its architecture bears a resemblance to the Northern African mosque. Examples of modern mosques with modern structures are Sultan Ahmad I Mosque, Kuantan, Pahang (1964), National Mosque, Kuala Lumpur (1965), State Mosque, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan (1967), State Mosque, Kangar, Perlis (1972), Sultan Idris Shah II Mosque, Ipoh, Perak (1978), State Mosque, Penang (1980) and KLCC Mosque, Kuala Lumpur (1998). Examples of modern mosques with Islamic influence are Al -Malik Khalid Mosque, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang (1975), Sultan Abdul Aziz Mosque, Shah Alam, Selangor (1989) and Ibai Mosque of Kampung Cendering, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu (1994).2-2 IranFrom Cordoba to Delhi, from Sarajevo to the Niger, the mosque (masjid in Persian and Arabic) or house of prayer is the exposestanding symbol of Islam, the focus of worship, and contemplation, the encounter place of man with man, and of man with God. Its forms are more varied and its uses more widespread than those of the Christian cathedral or church. While primarily a place of worship, it is also an assembly hall, often a religious college, sometimes a court of .justice, notwithstanding, to some extent, a poor mans club.The majority of Iranian mosques conform, in whole or in part, to a plan that in Iran must be regarded as the norm. It consists of a an open central court, sometimes large enough to be planted with trees or flowers, with a large portal or ivan, on the side facing towa rds Mecca, which leads into a domed sanctuary.On the other three sides of the court there are arcades and altars and in the center of each side another, though smaller, ivan. To the left and right of the sanctuary there may be arcaded halls, and in addition balconies (often reserved for the use of women worshippers) from which a fit of the mihrab can be obtained. In the grander mosques the south ivan, leading into the sanctuary, and sometimes also the north ivan, which is frequently the main entrance to the mosque.MinaretsThe earliest minarets were square, at least in their lower stories, but few of these survive in Iran today. The round minaret originated in north-east Iran and was built of brick, tapering towards the summit. Until at least the thirteenth century, minarets were or so forever single and placed in the north comer of the mosque. Since the fifteenth century minarets have generally been covered with mosaic or colored tiles, in the experiment of the period. In genera l, Iran, compared with, say, Turkey is markedly deficient in minarets. Only at Esfahan do they occupy a prominent place in the landscape.ShrinesNearly every(prenominal) town in Iran has its quota of shrines, and the village or wayside shrines are a recurring feature of the Iranian landscape. In general they are modest, circular, four-sided or octagonal buildings, surmounted by a cone or dome. Many have charm but no great architectural merit the famous shrines, rambling structures which have received additions from generations of the devout, are among the most splendid, and in some cases the most opulent, buildings in Iran. The lesser shrines, unlike the mosques, have a distinct re2jonal character.Tombs profane tombs fall into two clearly marked architectural categories -the domed mausoleum and the tomb tower. The former has certain affinities with the larger shrine. It is frequently octagonal rising through squinches and galleries into a circular dome. It is built for show, inside and out. meant to be visited. the last resting place of a chieftain who may have had no claim to sainthood, but expected to be duly revered when he was dead. Tomb towers, which are mainly confined to northern Iran. were conceived in a different spirit. They were gaunt, remote, solitary resting places, not meant to be frequented by admirers in generations to come.PalacesThere are substantial remains of Achaemenian and Sassanian palaces, impressive both in size and in detail, some of which, as at Persepolis, have been almost miraculously preserved but when all is said they are ruins. Of Seljuk and Mongol royal residences, however, all trace has disappeared. It is only from Safavid times that royal houses have survived intact, and even then the crop is disappointing. For practical purposes, Safavid palaces are confined to Esfahan.Bridges More essential for the maintenance of communications than caravansaries, the building of bridges, which where both sturdy and a pleasure to the eye, c ontinued until recently.Well-constructed hump-backed bridges of ancient dates are to be found in many parts of the country -the outstanding examples of which you will see at Esfahan the Allah Verdi Khan (1629) and the Khaju (1660). These two mighty structures are among the most impressive monuments in Esfahan, and are two of the most remarkable bridges in the world, of their kind, and still in service.MARRIAGE, FAMILY, AND KINSHIP3-1 MalaysiaSince both Iran and Malaysia are Muslim countries, spousal in both countries are influence by Islam therefore there are many similarities between these two countries. The following shows the marriage in the Malaysian style and then marriage in the Iranian style will be illustrated after that.Marriage. even so with significant changes in marriage practices, weddings reveal the sharp differences in Malaysian society. There are two ways to marry registering the union with the government and connectedness in marriage before a religious authority. Christian Malaysians may marry Buddhists or Hindus answering only to their families and beliefs Muslim Malaysians who marry non-Muslims risk government sanction unless their partner converts to Islam. Marriage practices emphasize Malaysias separate social customs. Indians and Chinese undertake divination rites in search of compatibility and auspicious dates, while Malays have work gift exchanges. Malay wedding feasts are often held in the home, and feature a large banquet with several dishes eaten over rice prepared in oil (to say one is going to eat oiled rice means that a wedding is imminent). Many Chinese weddings feature a multiple-course repast in a restaurant or public hall, and most Indian ceremonies include intricate rituals. Since married partners join families as well as various(prenominal)s, the meeting between prospective in-laws is crucial to the success of the union. For most Malaysians marriage is a crucial step toward adulthood. Although the average age for marri age continues to increase, being single into ones thirty-something generates concern for families and individuals alike. The social importance of the institution makes interethnic marriage an issue of considerable stress.Domestic Unit. Malaysian households have undergone a tremendous transformation following the changes in the economy. The shift from agricultural commodities to industrial production has made it arduous for extended families to live together. Yet as family mobility expands, as a result of modern schedules, efforts to retain kin ties also increase. Improved telecommunications keep far-flung kin in contact, as does the efficient transportation network. A dramatic example of this occurs on the major holidays when millions return to hometowns for kin reunions.Inheritance. The critical issue of inheritance is land. With the importance Malays place on land ownership, it is rarely viewed as a commodity for sale, and the numerous waste houses that dot the Malaysian land scape are testament to their absentee-owners unwillingness to sell. Gold is also a valuable inheritance Malaysians from all groups readily turn pointless cash into gold as a form of insurance for the future.Kin Groups. The crucial kin distinctions in Malaysian culture are between ethnic groups, which tend to limit intermarriage. Among the majority of Malays, kin groups are more horizontal than vertical, meaning that siblings are more important than ancestors. Those considered Malay make appropriate marriage partners non-Malays do not. These distinctions are somewhat flexible, however, and those that embrace Islam and follow Malay customs are admitted as potential Malay marriage partners. Greater flexibility in kinship practices also appears among immigrant groups amid the fresh possibilities created by diasporic life. A striking example is the Baba community, Chinese who immigrated prior to British rule and intermarried with locals, developing their own hybrid voice communication and cultural style. These dynamics point to the varied kinship arrangements possible between the different ethnic communities in Malaysian society.3-2 IranMarriage. In Iran women control marriages for their children, and much machination in domestic life revolves around marital matters. A mother is typically on the lookout for good marriage prospects at all times. correct if a mother is diffident about marriage brokering, she is obliged to clear the path for a marriage proposal. She does this by letting her counterpart in the other family know that a proposal is forthcoming, or would be welcome. She then must confer with her husband, who makes the formal proposal in a social meeting between the two families. This kind of background work is essential, because once the children are married, the two families virtually merge, and have extensive rights and obligations vis--vis each other that are close to a sacred duty. It is therefore extremely important that the families be certain th at they are compatible before the marriage takes place.Marriage within the family is a common strategy, and a young man of marriageable age has an absolute right of first refusal for his fathers brothers daughter-his patrilateral parallel cousin. The advantages for the families in this kind of marriage are great. They already know each other and are tied into the kindred social networks. Moreover, such a marriage serves to consolidate wealth from the grandparents generation for the family. Matrilateral cross-cousin marriages are also common, and exceed parallel-cousin marriages in urban areas, due perhaps to the wifes stronger influence in family affairs in cities.Although inbreeding would seem to be a potential problem, the historical selectence for marriage within the family continues, waning somewhat in urban settings where other considerations such as profession and education play a role in the choice of a spouse. In 1968, 25 percent of urban marriages, 31 percent of rural ma rriages, and 51 percent of tribal marriages were reported as endogamous. These percentages appear to have increased somewhat following the Revolution.In Iran today a love match with someone outside of the family is clearly not at all impossible, but even in such cases, except in the most westernized families, the family visitation and negotiation must be observed. Traditional marriages involve a formal contract cadaverous up by a cleric. In the contract a series of payments are specified. The bride brings a dowry to the marriage usually consisting of household goods and her own clothing. A specified amount is written into the contract as payment for the woman in the event of disjoin. The wife after marriage belongs to her husbands household and may have difficulty visiting her relatives if her husband does not approve. Nevertheless, she retains her own name, and may hold property in her own right, separate from her husband.The wedding celebration is held after the subscribe of th e contract. It is really a prelude to the consummation of the marriage, which takes place typically at the end of the evening, or, in rural areas, at the end of several days celebration. In many areas of Iran it is still important that the bride be virginal, and the bedsheets are carefully inspected to ensure this. A wise mother gives her daughter a vial of chicken ocellus just in case. The new couple may live with their relatives for a time until they can set up their own household. This is more common in rural than in urban areas.Iran is an Islamic nation, and polygyny is allowed. It is not widely practiced, however, because Iranian officials in this century have followed the Islamic prescription that a man fetching two wives must treat them with absolute equality. Women in polygynous marriages hold their husbands to this and will seek legal relief if they feel they are disadvantaged. Statistics are difficult to ascertain, but one recent study claims that only 1 percent of all m arriages are polygynous.Divorce is less common in Iran than in the West. Families prefer to stay together even under difficult circumstances, since it is extremely difficult to disentangle the close network of interrelationships between the two extended families of the marriage pair. adept recent study claims that the divorce rate is 10 percent in Iran. For Iranians moving to the United States the rate is 66 percent, suggesting that cultural forces tend to keep couples from separating.Children of a marriage belong to the father. After a divorce, men assume custody of boys over three years and girls over seven. Women have been known to renounce their divorce payment in exchange for custody of their children. There is no impediment to remarriage with another partner for either men or women.Domestic Unit. In conventional Iranian rural society the dinner cloth often defines the minimal family. Many branches of an extended family may live in rooms in the same compound. However, they ma y not all eat together on a daily basis. Sons and their wives and children are often working for their parents in anticipation of a birthright in the form of land or animals. When they receive this, they will leave and form their own separate household. In the meantime they live in their parents compound, but have separate eating and sleeping arrangements. Even after they leave their parents home, members of extended families have widespread rights to hospitality in the homes of even their most distant relations. Indeed, family members generally carry out most of their socializing with each other.Inheritance. Inheritance generally follows rules prescribed by Islamic law. Male children inherit full shares of their fathers estate, wives and daughters half-shares. An individual may make a religious bequest of specific goods or property that are then administered by the ministry of waqfs.Kin Groups. The patriarch is the oldest male of the family. He demands respect from other family me mbers and often has a strong role in the future of young relatives. In particular it is common for members of an extended family to spread themselves out in terms of professions and influence. Some will go into government, others into the military, perhaps others join the clergy, and some may even become anti-government oppositionists. Families will attempt to marry their children into regnant families as much for their own sake as for the son or daughter. The general aim for the family is to extend its influence into as many spheres as possible. As younger members mature, older members of the family are expected to help them with jobs, introductions, and financial support. This is not considered corrupt or nepotistic, but is seen rather as one of the benefits of family membership.